Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston, MA, USA.
Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
J Bone Miner Res. 2018 Feb;33(2):241-249. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.3308. Epub 2017 Nov 7.
Dietary fiber may increase calcium absorption, but its role in bone mineralization is unclear. Furthermore, the health effect of dietary fiber may be different between sexes. We examined the association between dietary fiber (total fiber and fiber from cereal, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes) and bone loss at the femoral neck, trochanter, and lumbar spine (L to L ) in older men and women. In the Framingham Offspring Study, at baseline (1996-2001), diet was assessed using the Willett food-frequency questionnaire, and bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Follow-up BMD was measured in 2001-2005 and 2005-2008 among 792 men (mean age 58.1 years; BMI 28.6 kg/m ) and 1065 women (mean age 57.3 years; BMI 27.2 kg/m ). We used sex-specific generalized estimating equations in multivariable regressions to estimate the difference (β) of annualized BMD change in percent (%ΔBMD) at each skeletal site per 5 g/d increase in dietary fiber. We further estimated the adjusted mean for bone loss (annualized %ΔBMD) among participants in each higher quartile (Q2, Q3, or Q4) compared with those in the lowest quartile (Q1) of fiber intake. Higher dietary total fiber (β = 0.06, p = 0.003) and fruit fiber (β = 0.10, p = 0.008) was protective against bone loss at the femoral neck in men but not in women. When examined in quartiles, men in Q2-Q4 of total fiber had significantly less bone loss at the femoral neck versus those in Q1 (all p < 0.04). For women, we did not observe associations with hip bone loss, although fiber from vegetables appeared to be protective against spine bone loss in women but not men. There were no associations with cereal fiber or nut and legume fiber and bone loss in men or women. Our findings suggest that higher dietary fiber may modestly reduce bone loss in men at the hip. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
膳食纤维可能会增加钙的吸收，但它对骨矿化的作用尚不清楚。此外，膳食纤维对健康的影响在性别之间可能不同。我们研究了膳食纤维（总纤维和来自谷物、水果、蔬菜、坚果和豆类的纤维）与股骨颈、转子间和腰椎（L 至 L ）骨丢失之间的关系，研究对象为老年男性和女性。在弗雷明汉后代研究中，在基线（1996-2001 年）时，使用威利特食物频率问卷评估饮食，使用双能 X 射线吸收法测量骨矿物质密度（BMD）。2001-2005 年和 2005-2008 年，对 792 名男性（平均年龄 58.1 岁；BMI 28.6kg/m ）和 1065 名女性（平均年龄 57.3 岁；BMI 27.2kg/m ）进行了随访 BMD 测量。我们使用性别特异性广义估计方程进行多变量回归，以估计每个骨骼部位每增加 5g/d 膳食纤维时的骨密度年变化率（%ΔBMD）差异（β）。我们进一步估计了每个较高四分位数（Q2、Q3 或 Q4）与最低四分位数（Q1）相比，纤维摄入量较高的参与者的骨丢失（年变化率%ΔBMD）的调整平均值。较高的总膳食纤维（β=0.06，p=0.003）和水果纤维（β=0.10，p=0.008）对男性股骨颈的骨丢失具有保护作用，但对女性则没有。当按四分位数进行检查时，与 Q1 相比，Q2-Q4 四分位距的男性股骨颈骨丢失明显较少（所有 p<0.04）。对于女性，虽然蔬菜纤维似乎对女性脊柱骨丢失有保护作用，但对男性则没有，我们没有观察到与髋部骨丢失的相关性。谷物纤维或坚果和豆类纤维与男性或女性的骨丢失均无相关性。我们的研究结果表明，较高的膳食纤维可能会适度减少男性髋部的骨丢失。
