Torshabi Maryam, Rezaei Esfahrood Zeinab, Jamshidi Mahshid, Mansuri Torshizi Abbas, Sotoudeh Samira
Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Eur J Oral Sci. 2017 Dec;125(6):426-437. doi: 10.1111/eos.12375. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
Nicotine has adverse cellular and molecular effects on oral mucosa, bone, and teeth. Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) and vitamin C (ascorbic acid) are biological antioxidants with positive effects on wound healing and bone formation. This in vitro study sought to assess the cytotoxic effects of different concentrations of nicotine and cotinine (a metabolite of nicotine) on MG-63 osteoblast-like cells and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) in the presence and absence of antioxidant vitamins E and C (separately and combined). Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using the methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Cell migration was assessed using the scratch test, and expression of apoptosis-related genes was quantitatively analyzed using real-time PCR. Dose-dependent negative effects of nicotine on the morphology, viability, proliferation, and migration of MG-63 and HGF cells were statistically significantly greater than those of cotinine. Vitamin E (separately and combined with vitamin C) was statistically significantly more effective than vitamin C (at the concentration used in this study) at improving cell viability, proliferation, and migration, and at reducing apoptosis of cells exposed to nicotine or cotinine. Based on the positive results of this study, vitamin C and especially vitamin E (systemically and/or locally) may be useful in the repair and regeneration of oral hard and soft tissues in smokers.
尼古丁对口腔黏膜、骨骼和牙齿具有不良的细胞和分子效应。维生素E（α-生育酚）和维生素C（抗坏血酸）是生物抗氧化剂，对伤口愈合和骨骼形成具有积极作用。这项体外研究旨在评估在存在和不存在抗氧化维生素E和C（单独以及联合使用）的情况下，不同浓度的尼古丁和可替宁（尼古丁的一种代谢产物）对MG-63成骨样细胞和人牙龈成纤维细胞（HGFs）的细胞毒性作用。使用噻唑蓝（MTT）法评估细胞活力和增殖。使用划痕试验评估细胞迁移，并使用实时PCR定量分析凋亡相关基因的表达。尼古丁对MG-63和HGF细胞的形态、活力、增殖和迁移的剂量依赖性负面影响在统计学上显著大于可替宁。在改善细胞活力、增殖和迁移以及减少暴露于尼古丁或可替宁的细胞凋亡方面，维生素E（单独以及与维生素C联合使用）在统计学上比维生素C（在本研究中使用的浓度下）更有效。基于这项研究的积极结果，维生素C尤其是维生素E（全身和/或局部使用）可能有助于吸烟者口腔软硬组织的修复和再生。
