VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA; email:
Annu Rev Physiol. 2018 Feb 10;80:49-70. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-022516-034008. Epub 2017 Oct 13.
The lymphatic system is essential for the maintenance of tissue fluid homeostasis, gastrointestinal lipid absorption, and immune trafficking. Whereas lymphatic regeneration occurs physiologically in wound healing and tissue repair, pathological lymphangiogenesis has been implicated in a number of chronic diseases such as lymphedema, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Insight into the regulatory mechanisms of lymphangiogenesis and the manner in which uncontrolled inflammation promotes lymphatic dysfunction is urgently needed to guide the development of novel therapeutics: These would be designed to reverse lymphatic dysfunction, either primary or acquired. Recent investigation has demonstrated the mechanistic role of leukotriene B (LTB) in the molecular pathogenesis of lymphedema. LTB, a product of the innate immune response, is a constituent of the eicosanoid inflammatory mediator family of molecules that promote both physiological and pathological inflammation. Here we provide an overview of lymphatic development, the pathophysiology of lymphedema, and the role of leukotrienes in lymphedema pathogenesis.
淋巴系统对于维持组织液稳态、胃肠道脂质吸收和免疫细胞运输至关重要。虽然淋巴再生在创伤愈合和组织修复中具有生理意义，但病理性淋巴管生成与许多慢性疾病有关，如淋巴水肿、动脉粥样硬化和癌症。深入了解淋巴管生成的调节机制以及不受控制的炎症如何促进淋巴管功能障碍，对于指导新型治疗药物的开发非常重要：这些药物旨在逆转原发性或获得性的淋巴管功能障碍。最近的研究表明，白三烯 B（LTB）在淋巴水肿的分子发病机制中具有重要作用。LTB 是先天免疫反应的产物，是促进生理和病理性炎症的类二十烷酸炎症介质家族的组成部分。本文概述了淋巴管的发育、淋巴水肿的病理生理学以及白三烯在淋巴水肿发病机制中的作用。
