Noonan MaryAnn P, Crittenden Ben M, Jensen Ole, Stokes Mark G
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3UD, United Kingdom.
The Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom.
Behav Brain Res. 2018 Dec 14;355:36-47. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.10.010. Epub 2017 Oct 16.
We review a series of studies exploring distractor suppression. It is often assumed that preparatory distractor suppression is controlled via top-down mechanisms of attention akin to those that prepare brain areas for target enhancement. Here, we consider two alternative mechanisms: secondary inhibition and expectation suppression within a predictive coding framework. We draw on behavioural studies, evidence from neuroimaging and some animal studies. We conclude that there is very limited evidence for selective top-down control of preparatory inhibition. By contrast, we argue that distractor suppression often relies secondary inhibition of non-target items (relatively non-selective inhibition) and on statistical regularities of the environment, learned through direct experience.
我们回顾了一系列探索干扰项抑制的研究。人们通常认为，预备性干扰项抑制是通过类似于为目标增强准备脑区的自上而下的注意力机制来控制的。在此，我们考虑两种替代机制：在预测编码框架内的二级抑制和期望抑制。我们借鉴了行为研究、神经影像学证据以及一些动物研究。我们得出结论，选择性自上而下控制预备性抑制的证据非常有限。相比之下，我们认为干扰项抑制通常依赖于对非目标项目的二级抑制（相对非选择性抑制）以及通过直接经验学到的环境统计规律。
