a Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics , Ege University , İzmir , Turkey.
b Mental Health and Diseases Hospital , Manisa , Turkey.
Nutr Neurosci. 2019 Jun;22(6):392-400. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2017.1392429. Epub 2017 Oct 27.
Obesity is one of today's most important public health problems. It is suggested that overeating and substance addiction show similarities, and addiction to food may be an important factor in the obesity epidemic. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of food addiction among schizophrenic patients and to examine the relationship between food addiction and anthropometric measurements and dietary nutrient intake.
Study participants included a total of 104 schizophrenic outpatients, 62 females and 42 males. Food addiction was assessed by using the Yale Food Addiction Scale, and the anthropometric measurements of participants and their three-day food consumption were recorded.
This study found that more than half of the schizophrenic patients (60.6%) had food addiction, and that female schizophrenic patients had a higher prevalence (62.9%) of food addiction than male patients (57.1%). More than one-third of the schizophrenic patients with food addiction (41.3%) were found to be obese and their BMI, body weight, waist circumference, and body-fat ratio were higher than those of schizophrenic patients who did not have food addiction (P > 0.05). Moreover, the schizophrenic patients with food addiction were found to take significantly more energy, carbohydrate, and fat in their diet (P < 0.05).
It was observed that the development of food addiction in schizophrenic patients increased the risk of obesity and cardiovascular diseases, which were found to be at higher levels in these patients. Educational programs should be planned for these patients to acquire health dietary habits and to increase their physical activity levels, and an additional psychosocial support should be provided for patients with food addiction.
肥胖是当今最重要的公共卫生问题之一。有研究表明，暴饮暴食和物质成瘾存在相似性，而对食物的成瘾可能是肥胖流行的一个重要因素。本研究旨在确定精神分裂症患者中食物成瘾的流行情况，并探讨食物成瘾与人体测量学指标和膳食营养素摄入之间的关系。
研究对象共包括 104 名精神分裂症门诊患者，其中女性 62 名，男性 42 名。采用耶鲁食物成瘾量表评估患者的食物成瘾情况，并记录患者的人体测量学指标和三天的食物摄入量。
本研究发现，超过一半的精神分裂症患者（60.6%）存在食物成瘾，且女性精神分裂症患者的食物成瘾患病率（62.9%）高于男性患者（57.1%）。超过三分之一的有食物成瘾的精神分裂症患者（41.3%）被诊断为肥胖，其 BMI、体重、腰围和体脂率均高于无食物成瘾的精神分裂症患者（P > 0.05）。此外，有食物成瘾的精神分裂症患者的饮食中能量、碳水化合物和脂肪的摄入量明显更高（P < 0.05）。
本研究观察到精神分裂症患者中食物成瘾的发展增加了肥胖和心血管疾病的风险，这些患者的肥胖和心血管疾病的风险更高。应针对这些患者制定教育计划，帮助其养成健康的饮食习惯，增加身体活动水平，并为有食物成瘾的患者提供额外的社会心理支持。
