Robinson Thomas N, Banda Jorge A, Hale Lauren, Lu Amy Shirong, Fleming-Milici Frances, Calvert Sandra L, Wartella Ellen
Stanford Solutions Science Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California;
Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, California.
Pediatrics. 2017 Nov;140(Suppl 2):S97-S101. doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-1758K.
Obesity is one of the best-documented outcomes of screen media exposure. Many observational studies find relationships between screen media exposure and increased risks of obesity. Randomized controlled trials of reducing screen time in community settings have reduced weight gain in children, demonstrating a cause and effect relationship. Current evidence suggests that screen media exposure leads to obesity in children and adolescents through increased eating while viewing; exposure to high-calorie, low-nutrient food and beverage marketing that influences children's preferences, purchase requests, consumption habits; and reduced sleep duration. Some evidence also suggests promise for using interactive media to improve eating and physical activity behaviors to prevent or reduce obesity. Future interdisciplinary research is needed to examine the effects of newer mobile and other digital media exposures on obesity; to examine the effectiveness of additional interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of media exposures on obesity and possible moderators and mediators of intervention effects; to effectively use digital media interventions to prevent and reduce obesity; and to uncover the mechanisms underlying the causal relationships and interactions between obesity-related outcomes and media content, characteristics, and context.
肥胖是有充分记录的屏幕媒体接触的后果之一。许多观察性研究发现屏幕媒体接触与肥胖风险增加之间存在关联。在社区环境中减少屏幕时间的随机对照试验降低了儿童的体重增加，证明了因果关系。目前的证据表明，屏幕媒体接触通过观看时进食增加、接触影响儿童偏好、购买请求和消费习惯的高热量、低营养食品和饮料营销以及睡眠时间缩短，导致儿童和青少年肥胖。一些证据还表明，利用互动媒体改善饮食和身体活动行为以预防或减少肥胖有前景。未来需要跨学科研究来检查更新的移动和其他数字媒体接触对肥胖的影响；检查其他干预措施减轻媒体接触对肥胖的不利影响以及干预效果可能的调节因素和中介因素的有效性；有效利用数字媒体干预措施预防和减少肥胖；以及揭示肥胖相关结果与媒体内容、特征和背景之间因果关系和相互作用的潜在机制。
