Saint Arnault Denise M
University of Michigan School of Nursing.
TPM Test Psychom Methodol Appl Psychol. 2017 Sep;24(3):423-436. doi: 10.4473/TPM24.3.8.
Gender-based violence (GBV), characterized by the abduction or rape of women and girls to humiliate, intimidate, and traumatize them and their communities, is a profoundly disturbing tactic in international conflict. Long after armed conflict has ended, survivors continue to experience physical injuries, psychological trauma, and social and cultural stigma. Guilt, shame, and continued interpersonal violence can become a normalized part of daily life, significantly challenging the road to healing and recovery. Research about self-disclosure and narrative after GBV has shown that help seeking rates are shockingly low, with estimates ranging from 4-27%. From a feminist and a humanistic perspective, studying trauma history and related help seeking is delicate work that must use interview processes that ensure the survivor can tell her story without revictimization, while also aiming to restore personal mastery, empowerment, and self-understanding. Based on theories about benefits and challenges of the narrative after GBV and trauma, we propose that the Clinical Ethnographic Narrative Interview (CENI) allows researchers and practitioners a safe container to examine the complex interplay between suffering, culture, and help seeking. Using this interview, the interviewer and the participant work as partners to define, compare, and contrast the socio-cultural barriers and facilitators of help seeking. This paper explains the narrative theory and the challenges and benefits of the narrative approach after trauma. Then we provide support for the use of the CENI for an understanding of the help seeking process and facilitating a health-promoting narrative interview for survivors. We then address implications for research, practice, and policy.
性别暴力（GBV）的特征是绑架或强奸妇女和女孩，以羞辱、恐吓她们及其社区，这是国际冲突中一种极其令人不安的策略。在武装冲突结束很久之后，幸存者仍继续遭受身体伤害、心理创伤以及社会和文化污名。内疚、羞耻和持续的人际暴力可能会成为日常生活中常态化的一部分，这对康复和恢复之路构成了重大挑战。关于性别暴力后自我披露和叙述的研究表明，寻求帮助的比例低得惊人，估计在4%至27%之间。从女权主义和人文主义的角度来看，研究创伤史及相关的寻求帮助行为是一项细致的工作，必须采用能确保幸存者在不再次受伤害的情况下讲述自己故事的访谈过程，同时还要致力于恢复个人掌控感、赋权和自我认知。基于有关性别暴力和创伤后叙述的益处及挑战的理论，我们提出临床民族志叙述访谈（CENI）为研究人员和从业者提供了一个安全的框架，用以审视痛苦、文化和寻求帮助之间复杂的相互作用。通过这种访谈，访谈者和参与者作为合作伙伴，共同界定、比较和对比寻求帮助的社会文化障碍及促进因素。本文解释了叙述理论以及创伤后叙述方法的挑战和益处。然后，我们支持使用CENI来理解寻求帮助的过程，并为幸存者促成一次促进健康的叙述访谈。接着，我们阐述了对研究、实践和政策的影响。
