Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Addiction Research, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang Province, China.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;1010:169-202. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-5562-1_9.
An optimal biochemical marker for addiction would be some easily traced molecules in body specimens, which indicates indulgent addictive behaviors, or susceptibility to certain addictive stimuli. In this chapter, we discussed existing literature about possible biomarkers, and classified them into three categories: origin forms and metabolites of substances, markers from biochemical responses to certain addiction, and genetic and epigenetic biomarkers suggesting susceptibility to addiction. In every category, we examined studies concerning certain type of addiction one by one, with focuses mainly on opiates, psychostimulants, and pathological gambling. Several promising molecules were highlighted, including those of neurotrophic factors, inflammatory factors, and indicators of vascular injury, and genetic and epigenetic biomarkers such as serum miRNAs. DNA methylation signatures and signal nucleotide polymorphism of candidate gene underlying the addiction.
用于成瘾的最佳生化标志物应该是在身体标本中易于追踪的某些分子，这些分子可以表明放纵的成瘾行为，或对某些成瘾刺激的易感性。在本章中，我们讨论了有关可能的生物标志物的现有文献，并将其分为三类：物质的来源形式和代谢物、对特定成瘾的生化反应的标志物以及表明成瘾易感性的遗传和表观遗传标志物。在每个类别中，我们逐一检查了关于特定类型成瘾的研究，重点主要是阿片类药物、精神兴奋剂和病理性赌博。一些有前途的分子被强调，包括神经营养因子、炎症因子和血管损伤的指标，以及血清 microRNA 等遗传和表观遗传标志物。成瘾相关候选基因的 DNA 甲基化特征和信号核苷酸多态性。
