Didarloo Alireza, Nabilou Bahram, Khalkhali Hamid Reza
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 57561-15111, Urmia, Iran.
Department of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 57561-15111, Urmia, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2017 Nov 3;17(1):861. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4880-9.
Breast cancer is a life-threatening condition affecting women around the world. The early detection of breast lumps using a breast self-examination (BSE) is important for the prevention and control of this disease. The aim of this study was to examine BSE behavior and its predictive factors among female university students using the Health Belief Model (HBM).
This investigation was a cross-sectional survey carried out with 334 female students at Urmia University of Medical Sciences in the northwest of Iran. To collect the necessary data, researchers applied a valid and reliable three-part questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a chi-square test, in addition to multivariate logistic regression statistics in SPSS software version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
The results indicated that 82 of the 334 participants (24.6%) reported practicing BSEs. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that high perceived severity [OR = 2.38, 95% CI = (1.02-5.54)], high perceived benefits [OR = 1.94, 95% CI = (1.09-3.46)], and high perceived self-efficacy [OR = 13.15, 95% CI = (3.64-47.51)] were better predictors of BSE behavior (P < 0.05) than low perceived severity, benefits, and self-efficacy. The findings also showed that a high level of knowledge compared to a low level of knowledge [OR = 5.51, 95% CI = (1.79-16.86)] and academic undergraduate and graduate degrees compared to doctoral degrees [OR = 2.90, 95% CI = (1.42-5.92)] of the participants were predictors of BSE performance (P < 0.05).
The study revealed that the HBM constructs are able to predict BSE behavior. Among these constructs, self-efficacy was the most important predictor of the behavior. Interventions based on the constructs of perceived self-efficacy, benefits, and severity are recommended for increasing women's regular screening for breast cancer.
乳腺癌是一种危及全球女性生命的疾病。通过乳房自我检查（BSE）早期发现乳房肿块对于预防和控制这种疾病很重要。本研究的目的是使用健康信念模型（HBM）研究伊朗西北部乌尔米亚医科大学女大学生的BSE行为及其预测因素。
本调查是对伊朗西北部乌尔米亚医科大学的334名女学生进行的横断面调查。为收集必要数据，研究人员应用了一份有效且可靠的三部分问卷。除了使用SPSS软件版本16.0（SPSS公司，美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥）进行多变量逻辑回归统计外，还使用描述性统计和卡方检验对数据进行了分析。
结果表明，334名参与者中有82名（24.6%）报告进行过BSE。多变量逻辑回归分析表明，与低感知严重性、益处和自我效能相比，高感知严重性[比值比（OR）=2.38，95%置信区间（CI）=（1.02 - 5.54）]、高感知益处[OR = 1.94，95% CI =（1.09 - 3.46）]和高感知自我效能[OR = 13.15，95% CI =（
