Jin Jun-Jang, Ko Il-Gyu, Kim Sung-Eun, Hwang Lakkyong, Lee Man-Gyoon, Kim Dae-Young, Jung Sun-Young
Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea.
J Exerc Rehabil. 2017 Aug 29;13(4):381-386. doi: 10.12965/jer.1735070.535. eCollection 2017 Aug.
The effect of exercise, which increases hippocampal neurogenesis and improves memory function, is well documented, however, differences in the effect of exercise on young children and adults are not yet known. In the present study, age-dependent differences of treadmill exercise on spatial learning ability between young- and adult-age rats were investigated. The rats in the exercise groups were forced to run on a motorized treadmill for 30 min once a day for 6 weeks. Radial 8-arm maze test was conducted for the determination of spatial learning ability. Cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was determined by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine immunohistochemistry. Western blot for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) was performed. In the present study, the number of errors in the young-age rats was effectively decreased by treadmill exercise. Hippocampal neurogenesis was more active in the young-age rats than in the adult-age rats. BDNF and TrkB expression in the hippocampus was greater in the adult-age rats than in the young-age rats. The results of this study showed that adults have excellent spatial learning abilities than children, but the improvement of exercise-induced spatial learning ability through neurogenesis is better in children.
运动可增加海马体神经发生并改善记忆功能，这一效果已有充分记录，然而，运动对幼儿和成年人的影响差异尚不清楚。在本研究中，研究了跑步机运动对幼年和成年大鼠空间学习能力的年龄依赖性差异。运动组的大鼠每天在电动跑步机上被迫跑步30分钟，持续6周。进行放射状8臂迷宫测试以确定空间学习能力。通过5-溴-2'-脱氧尿苷免疫组织化学法测定海马齿状回中的细胞增殖。进行了脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）和酪氨酸激酶B（TrkB）的蛋白质印迹分析。在本研究中，跑步机运动有效减少了幼年大鼠的错误数量。幼年大鼠的海马体神经发生比成年大鼠更活跃。成年大鼠海马体中BDNF和TrkB的表达高于幼年大鼠。本研究结果表明，成年人的空间学习能力优于儿童，但通过神经发生改善运动诱导的空间学习能力在儿童中更好。
