Tan Jiongrui, Wang Jing, Luo Le, Yu Chao, Xu Tingliang, Wu Yuying, Cheng Tangren, Wang Jia, Pan Huitang, Zhang Qixiang
Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education and College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 13;7(1):15437. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-15815-6.
Old Chinese garden roses are the foundation of the modern rose, which is one of the best-selling ornamental plants. However, the horticultural grouping and evolution of old Chinese garden roses are unclear. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were employed to survey genetic diversity in old Chinese garden roses and genetic differentiation was estimated among different rose groups. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to study the physical localization of 5 S rDNA genes and a karyotype analysis was performed. The SSR data suggest that old Chinese garden roses could be divided into Old Blush group, Odorata group and Ancient hybrid China group. The Old Blush group had the most primitive karyotype. The Ancient hybrid China group and modern rose had the most evolved karyotypes and the highest genetic diversity. During the evolution of rose cultivars, 5 S rDNA increased in number, partially weakened in signal intensity and exhibited variation in distance from the centromere. In conclusion, rose cultivars evolved from the Old Blush Group to the Odorata group, the Ancient Hybrid China group and the modern rose. This work provides a basis for the collection, identification, conservation and innovation of rose germplasm resources.
中国古老月季是现代月季的基础，而现代月季是最畅销的观赏植物之一。然而，中国古老月季的园艺分类和进化情况尚不清楚。本研究采用简单序列重复（SSR）标记来调查中国古老月季的遗传多样性，并估计不同月季群体之间的遗传分化。利用荧光原位杂交技术研究了5S rDNA基因的物理定位，并进行了核型分析。SSR数据表明，中国古老月季可分为月月红组、香水月季组和古老杂种香水月季组。月月红组具有最原始的核型。古老杂种香水月季组和现代月季具有最进化的核型和最高的遗传多样性。在月季品种进化过程中，5S rDNA数量增加，信号强度部分减弱，与着丝粒的距离发生变化。综上所述，月季品种从月月红组进化到香水月季组、古老杂种香水月季组和现代月季。本研究为月季种质资源的收集、鉴定、保存和创新提供了依据。
