Thompson Sarah J, Pearce John M, Ramey Andrew M
U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center, 4210 University Drive, Anchorage, AK, USA.
Ecohealth. 2017 Dec;14(4):821-839. doi: 10.1007/s10393-017-1277-2. Epub 2017 Nov 17.
We examine Zika virus (ZIKV) from an ecological perspective and with a focus on the Americas. We assess (1) the role of wildlife in ZIKV disease ecology, (2) how mosquito behavior and biology influence disease dynamics, and (3) how nontarget species and ecosystems may be impacted by vector control programs. Our review suggests that free-ranging, non-human primates may be involved in ZIKV transmission in the Old World; however, other wildlife species likely play a limited role in maintaining or transmitting ZIKV. In the Americas, a zoonotic cycle has not yet been definitively established. Understanding behaviors and habitat tolerances of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, two ZIKV competent vectors in the Americas, will allow more accurate modeling of disease spread and facilitate targeted and effective control efforts. Vector control efforts may have direct and indirect impacts to wildlife, particularly invertebrate feeding species; however, strategies could be implemented to limit detrimental ecological effects.
我们从生态学角度并聚焦于美洲地区来研究寨卡病毒（ZIKV）。我们评估：（1）野生动物在寨卡病毒疾病生态学中的作用；（2）蚊子的行为和生物学特性如何影响疾病动态；（3）病媒控制项目可能如何影响非目标物种和生态系统。我们的综述表明，在旧世界，自由放养的非人类灵长类动物可能参与寨卡病毒传播；然而，其他野生动物物种在维持或传播寨卡病毒方面可能作用有限。在美洲，人畜共患病循环尚未得到明确证实。了解美洲两种寨卡病毒传播媒介埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊的行为及栖息地耐受性，将有助于更准确地模拟疾病传播，并促进有针对性的有效控制措施。病媒控制措施可能对野生动物，尤其是以无脊椎动物为食的物种产生直接和间接影响；然而，可以实施相关策略来限制有害的生态影响。
