Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo.
Health Psychol. 2018 Feb;37(2):125-131. doi: 10.1037/hea0000563. Epub 2017 Nov 20.
This study examined the potential for nonfood alternative activities to compete with the reinforcing value of food. Participants rated the frequency and pleasantness of engaging in a variety of activities and made hypothetical choices between food and 4 types of alternatives; cognitive-enriching (reading, listening to music), social (attending a party or event), sedentary (watching TV), and physically active (running, biking).
Two-hundred seventy-six adults completed an online survey using a crowdsourcing platform.
Adults with higher BMI reported engaging in fewer activities within the cognitive-enriching, social, and physically active categories. When examining how well each alternative activity type was able to compete with food, sedentary alternatives were associated with the highest food reinforcement, or were least able to compete with food reinforcers, as compared with cognitive-enriching, social, and physical. Social activities were associated with the lowest food reinforcement, or the best able to compete with food reinforcers.
These results suggest that increasing the frequency and range of nonfood alternative activities may be important to obesity. This study also suggests that the class of social activities may have the biggest impact on reducing food reinforcement, and the class of sedentary may have the smallest effect on food reinforcement. These tools have relevance to clinical interventions that capitalize on increasing access to behaviors that can reduce the motivation to eat in clinical interventions for obesity. (PsycINFO Database Record
本研究旨在探讨非食物替代活动与食物强化价值竞争的可能性。参与者评估了参与各种活动的频率和愉悦度，并在食物和 4 种替代物（认知丰富活动[阅读、听音乐]、社交活动[参加聚会或活动]、久坐活动[看电视]和身体活动[跑步、骑自行车]）之间进行了假设选择。
276 名成年人使用众包平台完成了在线调查。
BMI 较高的成年人报告称，他们参与认知丰富、社交和身体活动类别的活动较少。当检查每种替代活动类型与食物竞争的能力时，与认知丰富、社交和身体活动相比，久坐替代活动与最高的食物强化相关，或者最不能与食物强化剂竞争，而社交活动与最低的食物强化相关，或者最能与食物强化剂竞争。
这些结果表明，增加非食物替代活动的频率和范围可能对肥胖很重要。本研究还表明，社交活动类可能对减少食物强化的影响最大，而久坐活动类对食物强化的影响最小。这些工具对于临床干预具有相关性，这些干预措施利用增加可减少肥胖临床干预中进食动机的行为的可及性。
