Immunobiology and Transplant Research Section, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Immunobiology and Transplant Research Section, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Mitochondrion. 2018 Jul;41:58-65. doi: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.11.005. Epub 2017 Nov 23.
B cells are responsible for protective antibody production after differentiation into antibody-secreting cells during humoral immune responses. From early B cell development in the bone marrow, to their maturation in the periphery, activation in the germinal center, and differentiation into plasma cells or memory B cells, B cells display ever-changing functions and properties. Autophagy and mitochondria play important roles in B cell development, activation, and differentiation to accommodate the phenotypic and environmental changes encountered over the lifetime of the cell. Among their many functions, mitochondria and autophagy generate energy, mediate cell survival, and produce/eliminate reactive oxygen species that can serve as signal molecules to regulate differentiation. As B cells mature and differentiate into plasma or memory cells, both autophagic and mitochondrial functions undergo significant changes. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the role of the autophagosome and mitochondria in regulating B cell fate, survival, and function. Moreover, we will discuss the interplay between these two highly metabolic organelles during B cell development, maturation, and differentiation.
B 细胞在体液免疫反应中分化为抗体分泌细胞后，负责产生保护性抗体。从骨髓中的早期 B 细胞发育，到在外周成熟、在生发中心激活，以及分化为浆细胞或记忆 B 细胞，B 细胞表现出不断变化的功能和特性。自噬和线粒体在 B 细胞的发育、激活和分化中发挥重要作用，以适应细胞一生中遇到的表型和环境变化。在它们的许多功能中，线粒体和自噬产生能量、介导细胞存活，并产生/消除活性氧，作为信号分子调节分化。随着 B 细胞成熟并分化为浆细胞或记忆细胞，自噬和线粒体的功能都发生了显著变化。在这篇综述中，我们旨在概述自噬体和线粒体在调节 B 细胞命运、存活和功能中的作用。此外，我们将讨论这两个高度代谢的细胞器在 B 细胞发育、成熟和分化过程中的相互作用。
