Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Social & Scientific Systems, Durham, NC.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2018 May;141(5):1870-1879.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.08.033. Epub 2017 Nov 30.
Bedroom allergen exposures contribute to allergic disease morbidity because people spend considerable time in bedrooms, where they come into close contact with allergen reservoirs.
We investigated participant and housing characteristics, including sociodemographic, regional, and climatic factors, associated with bedroom allergen exposures in a nationally representative sample of the US population.
Data were obtained from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006. Information on participant and housing characteristics was collected by using questionnaires and environmental assessments. Concentrations of 8 indoor allergens (Alt a 1, Bla g 1, Can f 1, Fel d 1, Der f 1, Der p 1, Mus m 1, and Rat n 1) in dust vacuumed from nearly 7000 bedrooms were measured by using immunoassays. Exposure levels were classified as increased based on percentile (75th/90th) cutoffs. We estimated the burden of exposure to multiple allergens and used multivariable logistic regression to identify independent predictors for each allergen and household allergen burden.
Almost all participants (>99%) had at least 1 and 74.2% had 3 to 6 allergens detected. More than two thirds of participants (72.9%) had at least 1 allergen and 18.2% had 3 or more allergens exceeding increased levels. Although exposure variability showed significant racial/ethnic and regional differences, high exposure burden to multiple allergens was most consistently associated with the presence of pets and pests, living in mobile homes/trailers and older and rental homes, and living in nonmetropolitan areas.
Exposure to multiple allergens is common. Despite highly variable exposures, bedroom allergen burden is strongly associated with the presence of pets and pests.
卧室过敏原暴露会导致过敏疾病发病率上升，因为人们在卧室中度过大量时间，在那里他们与过敏原库密切接触。
我们研究了与美国人群代表性样本中的卧室过敏原暴露相关的参与者和住房特征，包括社会人口学、地区和气候因素。
数据来自 2005-2006 年全国健康和营养调查。通过使用问卷和环境评估收集参与者和住房特征信息。使用免疫测定法测量从近 7000 间卧室中吸尘的灰尘中 8 种室内过敏原（Alt a 1、Bla g 1、Can f 1、Fel d 1、Der f 1、Der p 1、Mus m 1 和 Rat n 1）的浓度。暴露水平根据百分位数（第 75/90 个百分位）的截止值分类为增加。我们估计了暴露于多种过敏原的负担，并使用多变量逻辑回归来确定每种过敏原和家庭过敏原负担的独立预测因素。
几乎所有参与者（>99%）至少有 1 种过敏原，74.2%有 3 到 6 种过敏原。超过三分之二的参与者（72.9%）至少有 1 种过敏原，18.2%有 3 种或更多过敏原超过增加水平。尽管暴露变异性显示出明显的种族/民族和地区差异，但对多种过敏原的高暴露负担与宠物和害虫的存在、居住在移动房屋/拖车和较旧的和出租的房屋以及居住在非城市地区最一致相关。
暴露于多种过敏原很常见。尽管暴露情况差异很大，但卧室过敏原负担与宠物和害虫的存在密切相关。
