Adnan Siti-Noor-Adnalizawati, Ibrahim Nazlina, Yaacob Wan Ahmad
PhD, Senior Lecturer, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Jalan Pandan Utama, 55100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
PhD, Associate Professor, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, 43600 Selangor, Malaysia.
Germs. 2017 Sep 5;7(4):186-192. doi: 10.18683/germs.2017.1125. eCollection 2017 Dec.
Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is a worldwide public health threat, displaying multiple antibiotic resistance that causes morbidity and mortality. Management of multidrug-resistant (MDR) MRSA infections is extremely difficult due to their inherent resistance to currently used antibiotics. New antibiotics are needed to combat the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.
The effect of tannins was studied against MRSA reference strain (ATCC 43300) and MRSA clinical strains utilizing antimicrobial assays in conjunction with both scanning and transmission electron microscopy. To reveal the influence of tannins in MRSA protein synthesis disruption, we utilized next-generation sequencing (NGS) to provide further insight into the novel protein synthesis transcriptional response of MRSA exposed to these compounds.
Tannins possessed both bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 0.78 and 1.56 mg/mL, respectively, against all tested MRSA. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of MRSA treated with tannins showed decrease in cellular volume, indicating disruption of protein synthesis.
Analysis of a genome-wide transcriptional profile of the reference strain ATCC 43300 MRSA in response to tannins has led to the finding that tannins induced significant modulation in essential ribosome pathways, which caused a reduction in the translation processes that lead to inhibition of protein synthesis and obviation of bacterial growth. These findings highlight the potential of tannins as new promising anti-MRSA agents in clinical application such as body wash and topical cream or ointments.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）是一种全球性的公共卫生威胁，具有多种抗生素耐药性，可导致发病和死亡。由于多重耐药（MDR）MRSA感染对目前使用的抗生素具有固有耐药性，其管理极为困难。需要新的抗生素来对抗抗菌药物耐药性的出现。
利用抗菌试验结合扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜，研究了单宁对MRSA参考菌株（ATCC 43300）和MRSA临床菌株的作用。为了揭示单宁对MRSA蛋白质合成破坏的影响，我们利用下一代测序（NGS）进一步深入了解暴露于这些化合物的MRSA的新型蛋白质合成转录反应。
单宁具有抑菌和杀菌活性，对所有测试的MRSA的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）分别为0.78和1.56 mg/mL。单宁处理的MRSA的扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜显示细胞体积减小，表明蛋白质合成受到破坏。
对参考菌株ATCC 43300 MRSA响应单宁的全基因组转录谱分析发现，单宁可诱导必需核糖体途径的显著调节，这导致翻译过程减少，从而抑制蛋白质合成并阻止细菌生长。这些发现突出了单宁作为新型有前景的抗MRSA药物在临床应用（如沐浴露和外用乳膏或软膏）中的潜力。
