Tong Xinming, Yang Fan
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr., Edwards R105, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2018 Apr;7(7):e1701065. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201701065. Epub 2017 Dec 27.
Biomaterials are key factors in regenerative medicine. Matrices used for cell delivery are especially important, as they provide support to transplanted cells that is essential for promoting cell survival, retention, and desirable phenotypes. Injectable matrices have become promising and attractive due to their minimum invasiveness and ease of use. Conventional injectable matrices mostly use hydrogel precursor solutions that form solid, cell-laden hydrogel scaffolds in situ. However, these materials are associated with challenges in biocompatibility, shear-induced cell death, lack of control over cellular phenotype, lack of macroporosity and remodeling, and relatively weak mechanical strength. This Progress Report provides a brief overview of recent progress in developing injectable matrices to overcome the limitations of conventional in situ hydrogels. Biocompatible chemistry and shear-thinning hydrogels have been introduced to promote cell survival and retention. Emerging investigations of the effects of matrix properties on cellular function in 3D provide important guidelines for promoting desirable cellular phenotypes. Moreover, several novel approaches are combining injectability with macroporosity to achieve macroporous, injectable matrices for cell delivery.
生物材料是再生医学的关键因素。用于细胞递送的基质尤为重要，因为它们为移植细胞提供支持，这对于促进细胞存活、留存及理想表型至关重要。可注射基质因其微创性和易用性而变得很有前景且具有吸引力。传统的可注射基质大多使用水凝胶前体溶液，这些溶液可在原位形成载有细胞的固体水凝胶支架。然而，这些材料在生物相容性、剪切诱导的细胞死亡、对细胞表型缺乏控制、缺乏大孔隙率和重塑能力以及机械强度相对较弱等方面存在挑战。本进展报告简要概述了在开发可注射基质以克服传统原位水凝胶局限性方面的最新进展。已引入生物相容性化学和剪切变稀水凝胶来促进细胞存活和留存。对三维基质特性对细胞功能影响的新研究为促进理想细胞表型提供了重要指导。此外，几种新方法正在将可注射性与大孔隙率相结合，以实现用于细胞递送的大孔、可注射基质。
