The Mount Sinai ICAHN School of Medicine, USA.
Mech Ageing Dev. 2018 Jun;172:123-130. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.12.003. Epub 2017 Dec 26.
Recent research has given us new insights into the molecular biology of extrinsic aging of the skin. Not only does UV irradiation directly cause photoaging of the skin, but also environmental pollutants significantly damage exposed skin by several mechanisms. Exposure to the noxious gases of air pollution with simultaneous exposure to UVA can act synergistically to initiate skin cancer. Also ozone generated from pollutants reacting with UV induces oxidative stress of the skin's surface via formation of lipid peroxidation products, with cascading consequences to deeper layers. Furthermore, new studies have demonstrated that particulate matter (PM) pollutants can penetrate the skin transepidermally and through hair follicles to induce skin aging via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a recently discovered ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates and protects keratinocytes, melanocytes, and fibroblasts. With this understanding that extrinsic aging of the skin is not only due to photoaging, we realize the necessity of protection beyond sunscreen. Fortunately, correctly formulated topical antioxidants can prevent damage inflicted by both UV and environmental pollution.
最近的研究使我们对皮肤外在老化的分子生物学有了新的认识。紫外线辐射不仅直接导致皮肤光老化，而且环境污染物还通过多种机制显著破坏暴露的皮肤。空气污染中的有害气体与 UVA 同时暴露会产生协同作用，引发皮肤癌。此外，污染物与 UV 反应生成的臭氧通过形成脂质过氧化产物，对皮肤表面产生氧化应激，进而对更深层产生级联效应。此外，新的研究表明，颗粒物质 (PM) 污染物可以通过表皮和毛囊穿透皮肤，通过最近发现的配体激活转录因子芳烃受体 (AHR) 诱导皮肤老化，该转录因子调节和保护角质形成细胞、黑素细胞和成纤维细胞。通过了解到皮肤的外在老化不仅是由于光老化，我们意识到需要采取防晒以外的保护措施。幸运的是，经过正确配方的局部抗氧化剂可以预防紫外线和环境污染造成的损害。
