Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita Ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan.
Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 18, Nishi 9, Kita Ku, Sapporo, 060-0818, Japan; Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Environ Pollut. 2018 Apr;235:163-170. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.005. Epub 2017 Dec 27.
Heavy metals and metalloids contamination in soils, water, food and livers of wild rats have been studied in Kumasi, Ghana and despite the estimated risks to residents, there is no epidemiological study to ascertain these projections. In addition, the World Health Organization and International Agency for Research on Cancer have reported an increase in respiratory diseases and cancers, in Ghana. The study's purpose was therefore to explore the potential associations between metal exposure and occurrences of respiratory diseases, lipid peroxidation and/or DNA damage to different age groups and sexes in Kumasi. Human urine was collected from the general population in urban and control sites in Kumasi and nine metals were measured in each sample. Results showed that although Zn was the most abundant total urinary As concentration was higher in 83% of samples compared to reference values. Urinary concentrations of metals, malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy-guanosine (8-OHdG) were higher in urban sites compared to the control site. Based on the results obtained, there was no significant correlation between urinary metals and age. However, urinary Cd and MDA were highest in age groups 61-85 and 3-20 years, respectively. Significantly higher levels of urinary Co, As and Cd were detected in female participants. The study revealed that exposure to As was significantly associated with increased odds of asthma (odds ratio (OR) = 2.76; CI: 1.11-6.83) and tachycardia (OR = 3.93; CI: 1.01-15.4). Significant association was observed between urinary metals and MDA and 8-OHdG indicating possibility of lipid peroxidation and/or DNA damage in Kumasi residents.
在加纳的库马西，研究了土壤、水、食物和野鼠肝脏中的重金属和类金属污染。尽管估计这些风险会对居民造成影响，但还没有进行流行病学研究来确定这些预测。此外，世界卫生组织和国际癌症研究机构报告称，加纳的呼吸道疾病和癌症发病率有所上升。因此，本研究的目的是探索金属暴露与库马西不同年龄组和性别人群呼吸道疾病、脂质过氧化和/或 DNA 损伤发生的潜在关联。从库马西的城市和对照地区的普通人群中收集了人类尿液，并在每个样本中测量了 9 种金属。结果表明，尽管 Zn 是最丰富的，但总尿砷浓度在 83%的样本中高于参考值。与对照点相比，城市点的尿液金属、丙二醛（MDA）和 8-羟基-2-脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）浓度更高。根据所得结果，尿液金属与年龄之间没有显著相关性。然而，尿液 Cd 和 MDA 在 61-85 岁和 3-20 岁年龄组中最高。女性参与者的尿液 Co、As 和 Cd 水平明显更高。研究表明，接触 As 与哮喘（比值比（OR）= 2.76；95%置信区间（CI）：1.11-6.83）和心动过速（OR = 3.93；95%CI：1.01-15.4）的几率增加显著相关。尿液金属与 MDA 和 8-OHdG 之间存在显著关联，表明库马西居民可能存在脂质过氧化和/或 DNA 损伤。
