Campbell Jacquelyn C, Sabri Bushra, Budhathoki Chakra, Kaufman Michelle R, Alhusen Jeanne, Decker Michele R
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Jan;36(1-2):NP504-NP526. doi: 10.1177/0886260517734221. Epub 2017 Oct 6.
Unwanted sexual experiences are common among university students in the United States and pose a substantial public health concern. Campus policies and programs to prevent unwanted sexual incidents in university settings require research on prevalence and risk correlates of both victimization and perpetration. This study determined the prevalence of unwanted sexual victimization and perpetration experiences among students, both before and after joining the university, and examined risk correlates for both unwanted sexual victimization and perpetration experiences. Data were collected from 3,977 full-time graduate and undergraduate students using an online survey in a large private university. The findings revealed nearly one in eight students surveyed were victimized by unwanted sexual incidents at the university. Risk correlates of victimization by unwanted sexual incidents included female gender, undergraduate student status, and victimization experiences prior to joining the university. Most (95.5%) sexual violence incidents occurred when the victim was incapacitated due to alcohol, substance, or asleep. An acquaintance, peer, or colleague was the most frequently reported perpetrator. Risk correlates of perpetration included male gender, undergraduate student status, and perpetration of unwanted sexual activities before joining the university. Perpetrators most frequently reported perpetration of unwanted sexual behaviors against a current or former intimate partner or a stranger. The findings highlight the importance of enhanced efforts to reduce prevalence of unwanted sexual incidents, particularly among students most at risk for victimization and perpetration.
在美国， unwanted sexual experiences在大学生中很常见，这引发了重大的公共卫生问题。在大学环境中，预防 unwanted sexual incidents的校园政策和项目需要对受害和施害的发生率及风险相关因素进行研究。本研究确定了学生在进入大学之前和之后 unwanted sexual victimization和perpetration experiences的发生率，并研究了unwanted sexual victimization和perpetration experiences的风险相关因素。在一所大型私立大学，通过在线调查从3977名全日制研究生和本科生中收集了数据。研究结果显示，接受调查的学生中近八分之一曾在大学遭遇 unwanted sexual incidents的侵害。unwanted sexual incidents侵害的风险相关因素包括女性性别、本科生身份以及进入大学之前的受害经历。大多数（95.5%）性暴力事件发生在受害者因酒精、药物或处于睡眠状态而丧失行为能力时。熟人、同龄人或同事是最常被报告的施害者。施害的风险相关因素包括男性性别、本科生身份以及进入大学之前实施 unwanted sexual activities的情况。施害者最常报告对现任或前任亲密伴侣或陌生人实施 unwanted sexual behaviors。研究结果强调了加大力度降低 unwanted sexual incidents发生率的重要性，尤其是在受害和施害风险最高的学生群体中。 （注：“unwanted sexual experiences”可直译为“ unwanted性经历”，但在医学语境中可能需要结合上下文进一步明确其准确含义，比如“非自愿性经历”等；“unwanted sexual incidents”可直译为“ unwanted性事件”，比如“非自愿性事件”等 ；“victimization”可译为“受害”；“perpetration”可译为“施害” ；“perpetrator”可译为“施害者” ）
