Sterling T D, Weinkam J J
School of Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
Am J Ind Med. 1989;15(3):319-33. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700150307.
The lung cancer risk factors of smoking prevalence, amount smoked, and age started to smoke were compared for blacks and whites, using the 1970 and 1979/80 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) survey data. For both survey years, proportionally more blacks were never smokers and fewer were ever smokers (although more were current and fewer former smokers). The average adult black smoker smoked approximately 65% of the number of cigarettes smoked by the average white adult. Blacks started smoking later than whites for almost all occupational categories. Thus, it could be argued that whites had higher smoking-associated risk factors than did blacks. At the same time, a much greater proportion of blacks than whites were in the types of occupation where they would have been exposed to occupational hazards. The sharp rise in and the larger incidence of lung cancer among blacks compared to whites may not be due to differences in black and white smoking, but more likely are a reflection of occupational differences.
利用1970年和1979/1980年的全国健康访谈调查（NHIS）数据，比较了黑人和白人在吸烟流行率、吸烟量以及开始吸烟年龄等肺癌风险因素方面的情况。在这两个调查年份中，按比例计算，从未吸烟者中黑人占比更多，曾经吸烟者占比更少（尽管当前吸烟者更多，既往吸烟者更少）。成年黑人吸烟者平均吸烟量约为成年白人吸烟者的65%。几乎在所有职业类别中，黑人开始吸烟的时间都比白人晚。因此，可以认为白人的吸烟相关风险因素高于黑人。与此同时，与白人相比，从事可能接触职业危害工作的黑人比例要高得多。与白人相比，黑人肺癌发病率的急剧上升和更高的发生率可能并非源于黑人和白人在吸烟方面的差异，而更可能反映了职业差异。
