Orita Makiko, Kimura Yuko, Taira Yasuyuki, Fukuda Toshiki, Takahashi Jumpei, Gutevych Oleksandr, Chornyi Serghii, Kudo Takashi, Yamashita Shunichi, Takamura Noboru
Department of Global Health, Medicine and Welfare, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Department of Health and Welfare, Kawauchi Municipal Government, Fukushima, Japan.
PeerJ. 2018 Jan 5;6:e4222. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4222. eCollection 2018.
Mushrooms are recognized as one of the main contributors to internal radiation exposure from the activity concentration of radiocesium released by the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (CNNP). We evaluated the activity concentrations of the artificial radionuclides (radiocesium) in wild mushrooms collected in 2015 from Korosten and Lugine, Zhitomir region, Ukraine, located 120 km away from the CNPP. Cesium-137 was detected in 110 of 127 mushroom samples (86.6%). Based on the average mushroom consumption (5 kg per year), we calculated committed effective doses ranging from 0.001-0.12 mSv. Cesium-137 remains in the wild mushrooms even 30 years after the accident, but the committed effective doses are limited by the amount of contaminated mushrooms consumed. However, evaluation of internal radiation exposure and assessment of environmental radioactivity in the surrounding area affected by the nuclear accident are still necessary in order to relieve anxiety about internal radiation exposure, as long as the possibility of consumption of contaminated mushrooms remains.
蘑菇被认为是切尔诺贝利核电站事故释放的放射性铯活度浓度导致内照射的主要来源之一。我们评估了2015年从乌克兰日托米尔地区距离切尔诺贝利核电站120公里的科罗斯坚和卢金采集的野生蘑菇中人工放射性核素（放射性铯）的活度浓度。在127个蘑菇样本中的110个（86.6%）检测到了铯-137。根据平均蘑菇消费量（每年5千克），我们计算出待积有效剂量范围为0.001 - 0.12毫希沃特。即使在事故发生30年后，铯-137仍残留在野生蘑菇中，但待积有效剂量受食用的受污染蘑菇量限制。然而，只要存在食用受污染蘑菇的可能性，为缓解对内照射的焦虑，对受核事故影响周边地区的内照射暴露进行评估以及对环境放射性进行评估仍是必要的。
