Mateo-Gallego R, Lamiquiz-Moneo I, Perez-Calahorra S, Marco-Benedí V, Bea A M, Baila-Rueda L, Laclaustra M, Peñalvo J L, Civeira F, Cenarro A
Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain.
Unidad Clínica y de Investigación en Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Universidad de Zaragoza, CIBERCV, Zaragoza, Spain.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2018 Feb;28(2):133-142. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.024. Epub 2017 Nov 4.
High-protein (HP) diets have shown benefits in cardiometabolic markers such as insulin or triglycerides but the responsible mechanisms are not known. We aimed to assess the effect of three energy-restricted diets with different protein contents (20%, 27%, and 35%; ∼80% coming from animal source) on plasma adipokine concentration and its association with changes in cardiometabolic markers.
Seventy-six women (BMI 32.8 ± 2.93) were randomized to one of three calorie-reduced diets, with protein, 20%, 27%, or 35%; carbohydrates, 50%, 43%, or 35%; and fat, 30%, for 3 months. Plasma adipokine (leptin, resistin, adiponectin, and retinol-binding protein 4; RBP4) levels were assessed.
After 3 months, leptin concentration decreased in all groups without differences among them, while resistin levels remained unchanged. Adiponectin concentration heterogeneously changed in all groups (P for trend = 0.165) and resistin concentration did not significantly change. RPB4 significantly decreased by -17.5% (-31.7, -3.22) in 35%-protein diet (P for trend = 0.024 among diets). Triglycerides improved in women following the 35%-protein diet regardless of weight loss; RBP4 variation significantly influenced triglyceride concentration change by 24.9% and 25.9% when comparing 27%- and 35%- with 20%-protein diet, respectively.
A 35%-protein diet induced a decrease in RBP4 regardless of weight loss, which was directly associated with triglyceride concentration improvement. These findings suggest that HP diets improve the cardiometabolic profile, at least in part, through changes in adipokine secretion. Whether this beneficial effect of HP diet is due to improvements in hepatic or adipose tissue functionality should be elucidated.
The clinical trial has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02160496).
高蛋白（HP）饮食已显示出对胰岛素或甘油三酯等心脏代谢标志物有益，但具体机制尚不清楚。我们旨在评估三种不同蛋白质含量（20%、27%和35%；约80%来自动物来源）的能量限制饮食对血浆脂肪因子浓度的影响及其与心脏代谢标志物变化的关联。
76名女性（BMI 32.8±2.93）被随机分配到三种热量减少饮食中的一种，蛋白质含量分别为20%、27%或35%；碳水化合物含量分别为50%、43%或35%；脂肪含量均为30%，为期3个月。评估血浆脂肪因子（瘦素、抵抗素、脂联素和视黄醇结合蛋白4；RBP4）水平。
3个月后，所有组的瘦素浓度均下降，组间无差异，而抵抗素水平保持不变。所有组中脂联素浓度变化不一（趋势P = 0.165），抵抗素浓度无显著变化。35%蛋白质饮食组的RPB4显著下降了17.5%（-31.7，-3.22）（饮食间趋势P = 0.024）。无论体重减轻与否，35%蛋白质饮食的女性甘油三酯水平均有所改善；与20%蛋白质饮食相比，27%和35%蛋白质饮食组的RBP4变化分别显著影响甘油三酯浓度变化24.9%和25.9%。
35%蛋白质饮食无论体重减轻与否均可导致RBP4下降，这与甘油三酯浓度改善直接相关。这些发现表明，HP饮食至少部分通过脂肪因子分泌变化改善心脏代谢状况。HP饮食的这种有益作用是否归因于肝脏或脂肪组织功能的改善尚需阐明。
该临床试验已在ClinicalTrials.gov注册（标识符：NCT02160496）。
