Singh Shikha, Shankar Ravi, Singh Gyan Prakash
Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
Division of Biostatistics, Department of Community Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
Int J Hypertens. 2017;2017:5491838. doi: 10.1155/2017/5491838. Epub 2017 Dec 3.
Hypertension is a major public health problem and important area of research due to its high prevalence and being major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and other complications. . (1) To assess the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors and (2) to estimate awareness, treatment, and adequacy of control of hypertension among study subjects. . A community based cross-sectional study with multistage sampling design was conducted among urban population of Varanasi. A modified WHO STEPS interview schedule on 640 study subjects aged 25-64 years was used. . The prevalence of hypertension was 32.9% (male: 40.9%, female: 26.0%). Mean systolic and diastolic BP were 124.25 ± 15.05 mmHg and 83.45 ± 9.49 mmHg, respectively. Higher odds of being hypertensive were found in male subjects, eldest age group, married subjects, subjects of upper socioeconomic status, illiterate subjects, and retired subjects. Tobacco and alcohol consumption, overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity were also associated with hypertension. Out of the total hypertensive 211 subjects, only 81 (38.4%) were aware about their hypertension status; out of those, 57 (70.4%) were seeking treatment and 20 (35.08%) had their blood pressure adequately controlled. . Around one-third of the subjects were hypertensive and half of the study subjects were prehypertensive in this area. The awareness, treatment, and control of high blood pressure were also very low.
高血压是一个主要的公共卫生问题，也是重要的研究领域，因为其患病率高，是心血管疾病和其他并发症的主要危险因素。（1）评估高血压的患病率及其相关因素；（2）估计研究对象中高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制达标率。在瓦拉纳西的城市人口中开展了一项采用多阶段抽样设计的基于社区的横断面研究。对640名年龄在25 - 64岁的研究对象使用了经过修改的世界卫生组织（WHO）逐步访谈问卷。高血压患病率为32.9%（男性：40.9%，女性：26.0%）。收缩压和舒张压的均值分别为124.25±15.05 mmHg和83.45±9.49 mmHg。在男性、年龄最大的年龄组、已婚者、社会经济地位较高者、文盲和退休人员中，患高血压的几率更高。吸烟、饮酒、超重、肥胖和腹型肥胖也与高血压相关。在总共211名高血压患者中，只有81名（38.4%）知晓自己的高血压状况；其中，57名（70.4%）正在接受治疗，20名（35.08%）的血压得到了有效控制。在该地区，约三分之一的研究对象患有高血压，一半的研究对象处于高血压前期。高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率也非常低。
