Di Lorenzo Rosaria, Pedretti Jessica, Grossi Letizia, Cuoghi Benedetta, Varni Cinzia, Landi Giulia, Spattini Ludovica, Visentini Chiara, Ferri Paola, Carubbi Francesca
Mental Health Department, Az. USL-Modena, Italy.
Nursing Home Cialdini, 41121 Modena, Italy.
Prev Med Rep. 2017 Dec 27;9:68-71. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.12.013. eCollection 2018 Mar.
Weight gain and related metabolic syndrome (MS) are major current issues in public health. MS consists of abdominal fat, atherogenic dyslipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic state, and accounts for both cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes mellitus risk factors. Patients affected by psychiatric illness present a prevalence of 35-40% of MS. Many studies have shown that Mediterranean diet is associated with the reduction of mortality due to cardiovascular and malignant diseases, potentially preventing both obesity and type II diabetes mellitus. Our pilot study explores the effects of a 12-month healthy lifestyle program (Mediterranean diet and mild physical activity) on metabolic and anthropometric parameters of patients affected by chronic psychiatric disorders who live in a psychiatric community facility. A Mediterranean diet was provided by a senior nutritional clinician and adapted by two dieticians, according to the needs and preferences of the community population. Concomitantly, a program of moderate physical activity, consisting in 30-min walks on level ground 4 days a week, and psycho-educational group sessions with educational and therapeutic purposes were implemented. The metabolic and anthropometric parameters of our patients improved after both 6 (T6) and 12 (T12) months. Body Max Index was statistically significantly reduced at T6 and T12, with patients perceiving good quality of life. These positive outcomes suggest that a low-cost healthy lifestyle program can produce good adherence and feasibility even among patients with chronic psychiatric diseases, reducing their risk for MS, cardiovascular diseases and other complications.
体重增加及相关代谢综合征（MS）是当前公共卫生领域的主要问题。MS包括腹部肥胖、致动脉粥样硬化性血脂异常、高血压、高血糖、胰岛素抵抗、促炎和促血栓形成状态，是心血管疾病和II型糖尿病的危险因素。患有精神疾病的患者中MS的患病率为35%-40%。许多研究表明，地中海饮食与降低心血管疾病和恶性疾病导致的死亡率相关，可能预防肥胖和II型糖尿病。我们的初步研究探讨了为期12个月的健康生活方式计划（地中海饮食和轻度体育活动）对居住在精神社区设施中的慢性精神障碍患者的代谢和人体测量参数的影响。地中海饮食由一位资深营养临床医生提供，并由两名营养师根据社区人群的需求和偏好进行调整。同时，实施了一项适度体育活动计划，包括每周4天在平地上步行30分钟，以及开展具有教育和治疗目的的心理教育小组会议。我们的患者在6个月（T6）和12个月（T12）后，代谢和人体测量参数均有所改善。在T6和T12时，身体质量指数在统计学上显著降低，患者的生活质量良好。这些积极结果表明，即使在慢性精神疾病患者中，低成本的健康生活方式计划也能产生良好的依从性和可行性，降低他们患MS、心血管疾病和其他并发症的风险。
