Blaxton Jessica M, Bergeman C S
Psychology Department, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States.
Pers Individ Dif. 2017 Jan;104:357-361. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.08.041. Epub 2016 Aug 31.
We assess the daily relationships between age, three functional coping strategies, and positive and negative affect while accounting for the individual's cognitive appraisal of the severity and controllability of their encountered stressor. We collected 56 days of daily data from participants in the Notre Dame Study of Healthy & Well-Being assessing affect, the most bothersome event experienced each day, and coping strategies used to deal with that event ( = 371; Age 44-87; = 67.41; = 8.87). Multi-level modeling allowed us to explore and compare the between- and within-person effects. The main effects revealed that coping strategies relate to affect differently. The interaction terms revealed that the effectiveness of each coping strategy depended on characteristics of the encountered stressor and/or characteristics of the individual. Average values of stress severity, Altering the Meaning, and Dispelling the Effects more strongly related to PA or NA than daily fluctuations on these constructs. Findings illustrate that certain coping strategies target affect differently. Approaching research questions regarding stress and coping with a process-oriented perspective, through the use of daily data, allows for a more thorough understanding of the real-time, lived relationships among the individual, stress, and coping.
我们评估了年龄、三种功能性应对策略与正负性情绪之间的日常关系，同时考虑了个体对所遇到应激源的严重性和可控性的认知评估。我们从圣母大学健康与幸福研究的参与者那里收集了56天的日常数据，评估情绪、每天经历的最困扰事件以及用于应对该事件的应对策略（n = 371；年龄44 - 87岁；M = 67.41；SD = 8.87）。多层次建模使我们能够探索和比较个体间和个体内效应。主效应表明应对策略与情绪的关联方式不同。交互项表明每种应对策略的有效性取决于所遇到应激源的特征和/或个体的特征。应激严重性、改变意义和消除影响的平均值与积极情绪或消极情绪的关联比这些构念的日常波动更强。研究结果表明某些应对策略对情绪的影响不同。通过使用日常数据，以过程导向的视角来研究关于压力和应对的问题，能够更全面地理解个体、压力和应对之间实时的、实际的关系。
