Taylor-Smith Leanne M
Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, West Midlands, UK.
J Fungi (Basel). 2017 Oct 2;3(4):53. doi: 10.3390/jof3040053.
The fungal pathogen, , causes devastating levels of morbidity and mortality. Infections with this fungus tend to be predominantly in immunocompromised individuals, such as those with HIV. Infections initiate with inhalation of cryptococcal cells and entry of the pathogen into the lungs. The bronchial epithelial cells of the upper airway and the alveolar epithelial cells of the lower airway are likely to be the first host cells that engage with. Thus the interaction of cryptococci and the respiratory epithelia will be the focus of this review. has been shown to adhere to respiratory epithelial cells, although if the role of the capsule is in aiding or hindering this adhesion is debatable. The epithelia are also able to react to cryptococci with the release of cytokines and chemokines to start the immune response to this invading pathogen. The activity of surfactant components that line this mucosal barrier towards and the metabolic and transcriptional reaction of cryptococci when encountering epithelial cells will also be discussed.
真菌病原体，可导致极高的发病率和死亡率。这种真菌感染往往主要发生在免疫功能低下的个体中，例如艾滋病毒感染者。感染始于吸入隐球菌细胞并使病原体进入肺部。上呼吸道的支气管上皮细胞和下呼吸道的肺泡上皮细胞可能是首先与之接触的宿主细胞。因此，隐球菌与呼吸道上皮细胞的相互作用将是本综述的重点。已证明隐球菌可粘附于呼吸道上皮细胞，尽管其荚膜在促进或阻碍这种粘附方面所起的作用尚有争议。上皮细胞也能够对隐球菌作出反应，释放细胞因子和趋化因子以启动对这种入侵病原体的免疫反应。还将讨论构成这种粘膜屏障的表面活性剂成分对隐球菌的活性以及隐球菌在遇到上皮细胞时的代谢和转录反应。
