Lugaresi E, Cirignotta F, Montagna P
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1986 Apr;49(4):375-80. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.49.4.375.
Sleep-related seizures characterised by choreoathetoid, dystonic and ballic movements occurred in 12 patients, repeatedly each night and over a period of years. The nocturnal attacks were short-lasting, responded well to carbamazepine and were sometimes associated with clearly or possibly epileptic seizures during night- or daytime. They resembled the paroxysmal kinesigenic dystonias of wakefulness. Similar dystonic-dyskinetic attacks, but of long duration and unresponsive to medication, were also observed in two other patients, in one 20 years before the onset of clinically apparent Huntington's chorea. Nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia represents a syndrome of sleep-related motor attacks which comprises two variants, respectively characterised by short and long-lasting seizures. Its precise nosological definition still awaits elucidation.
12例患者出现以舞蹈徐动症、张力障碍和投掷样运动为特征的睡眠相关性癫痫发作，每晚反复出现，持续数年。夜间发作持续时间短，对卡马西平反应良好，有时与夜间或白天明确的或可能的癫痫发作相关。它们类似于清醒时的阵发性运动诱发性肌张力障碍。另外两名患者也观察到类似的肌张力障碍-运动障碍发作，但持续时间长且药物治疗无效，其中一名患者在临床明显的亨廷顿舞蹈病发作前20年就出现了这种情况。夜间阵发性肌张力障碍是一种睡眠相关性运动发作综合征，包括两个变体，分别以短时间和长时间发作的癫痫为特征。其确切的疾病定义仍有待阐明。
