Martin David M
Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, U.S.A.
Restor Ecol. 2017 Sep 24;25(5):668-673. doi: 10.1111/rec.12554.
Forty years ago, ecological restoration was conceptualized through a natural science lens. Today, ecological restoration has evolved into a social and scientific concept. The duality of ecological restoration is acknowledged in guidance documents on the subject but is not apparent in its definition. Current definitions reflect our views about what ecological restoration does but not why we do it. This viewpoint does not give appropriate credit to contributions from social sciences, nor does it provide compelling goals for people with different motivating rationales to engage in or support restoration. In this study, I give a concise history of the conceptualization and definition of ecological restoration, and I propose an alternative definition and corresponding viewpoint on restoration goal-setting to meet twenty-first century scientific and public inquiry.
四十年前，生态恢复是通过自然科学的视角来概念化的。如今，生态恢复已演变成一个社会与科学的概念。生态恢复的二元性在关于该主题的指导文件中得到了承认，但在其定义中并不明显。当前的定义反映了我们对生态恢复所达成效果的看法，而非我们这样做的原因。这种观点没有充分认可社会科学的贡献，也没有为有着不同动机理由的人们参与或支持恢复工作提供令人信服的目标。在本研究中，我简要回顾了生态恢复概念化及定义的历程，并提出了一个替代性定义以及关于恢复目标设定的相应观点，以回应21世纪的科学及公众质疑。
