Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
Med Princ Pract. 2018;27(1):30-38. doi: 10.1159/000487236. Epub 2018 Jan 29.
To investigate and compare knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding pharmacovigilance (PV) and the reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADR) among physicians and pharmacists in primary care settings.
A cross-sectional study was conducted, in which a validated self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 386 physicians and 197 pharmacists in 38 primary care clinics in Kuwait. Categorical variables were described using numbers and percentages. The Pearson χ2 test, Fisher exact test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used as appropriate. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Of the 583 questionnaires distributed, 485 were completed (by 318 physicians and 167 pharmacists), giving an overall response rate of 83.2%. A total of 52.8% (n = 256) and 70.5% (n = 341) of the study participants were knowledgeable about the definitions of PV and ADR, respectively, with pharmacists demonstrating significantly better knowledge of PV (n = 105/167 vs. 151/318, i.e., 62.9 vs. 47.5%; p < 0.001) and purpose (n = 123/167 vs. 177/318, i.e., 74.1 vs. 55.7%; p < 0.001). However, the majority (n = 434/485; 89.4%) were not aware of an ADR reporting system in Kuwait. Almost every participant (n = 474/485; 97.7%) thought it was necessary to report ADR. However, significantly fewer physicians than pharmacists (n = 248/318 vs. 147/167, i.e., 78.0 vs. 88.0%; p < 0.01) believed that ADR reporting was a professional obligation. Only 27.8% (n = 133/485) had reported ADR, with pharmacists having reported significantly fewer than physicians (n = 35/167 vs. 98/318, i.e., 21.7 vs. 30.8%; p = 0.036).
This study indicated that the attitude was positive but there was suboptimal knowledge and poor practice among primary care physicians and pharmacists with regard to ADR reporting. Targeted training about ADR reporting while ensuring a robust regulatory framework would encourage ADR reporting practices in the primary health care setting in Kuwait.
调查和比较初级保健环境中医生和药剂师对药物警戒（PV）和不良药物反应（ADR）报告的知识、态度和实践。
进行了一项横断面研究，在科威特的 38 家初级保健诊所中，向 386 名医生和 197 名药剂师分发了一份经过验证的自我管理问卷。使用数字和百分比描述分类变量。使用 Pearson χ2 检验、Fisher 精确检验和 Mann-Whitney U 检验。p < 0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
在分发的 583 份问卷中，有 485 份完成（由 318 名医生和 167 名药剂师填写），总应答率为 83.2%。分别有 52.8%（n=256）和 70.5%（n=341）的研究参与者了解 PV 和 ADR 的定义，药剂师在 PV（n=105/167 与 151/318，即 62.9 与 47.5%；p<0.001）和目的（n=123/167 与 177/318，即 74.1 与 55.7%；p<0.001）方面的知识明显更好。然而，大多数（n=434/485；89.4%）不知道科威特的 ADR 报告系统。几乎每个参与者（n=474/485；97.7%）都认为报告 ADR 是必要的。然而，报告 ADR 的医生明显少于药剂师（n=248/318 与 147/167，即 78.0 与 88.0%；p<0.01），他们认为报告 ADR 是一种职业义务。只有 27.8%（n=133/485）报告了 ADR，药剂师报告的 ADR 明显少于医生（n=35/167 与 98/318，即 21.7 与 30.8%；p=0.036）。
本研究表明，初级保健医生和药剂师对 ADR 报告的态度是积极的，但知识不足，实践不佳。针对 ADR 报告进行有针对性的培训，同时确保健全的监管框架，将鼓励在科威特的初级保健环境中进行 ADR 报告实践。
