Fenu Grazia, Calogero Claudia, Lombardi Enrico
Pediatric Pulmonary Unit, "Anna Meyer" Pediatric University-Hospital, Florence, Italy.
Turk Thorac J. 2015 Oct;16(4):185-188. doi: 10.5152/ttd.2015.5038. Epub 2015 Oct 1.
The measurement of lung function by spirometry is routinely used to monitor and adequately treat children with asthma. The assessment and evaluation of lung function in children aged 3-5 years has been neglected for a long time because of the difficulty to perform forced expiratory maneuvers. However, the use of techniques such as the interrupter technique and the forced oscillation technique, which only require passive collaboration and where the only request to the child is to breathe at tidal volume, has overcome this limitation. Other techniques such as the measurement of specific airway resistance by plethysmography or the measurement of the lung clearance index using the multiple-breath washout might be helpful in this regard, although these techniques are less standardized in preschool children.
通过肺活量测定法测量肺功能通常用于监测和充分治疗哮喘儿童。由于难以进行用力呼气动作，3至5岁儿童的肺功能评估长期以来一直被忽视。然而，采用诸如阻断技术和强迫振荡技术等仅需要被动配合且仅要求儿童以潮气量呼吸的技术，克服了这一限制。在这方面，其他技术如通过体积描记法测量比气道阻力或使用多次呼吸冲洗法测量肺清除指数可能会有所帮助，尽管这些技术在学龄前儿童中标准化程度较低。
