Zangabad Parham Sahandi, Mirkiani Soroush, Shahsavari Shayan, Masoudi Behrad, Masroor Maryam, Hamed Hamid, Jafari Zahra, Taghipour Yasamin Davatgaran, Hashemi Hura, Karimi Mahdi, Hamblin Michael R
Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology (RCPN), Tabriz University of Medical Science (TUOMS), Tabriz, Iran.
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nanotechnol Rev. 2018 Feb;7(1):95-122. doi: 10.1515/ntrev-2017-0154. Epub 2017 Dec 12.
Liposomes are known to be promising nanoparticles (NPs) for drug delivery applications. Among different types of self-assembled NPs, liposomes stand out for their non-toxic nature, and their possession of dual hydrophilic-hydrophobic domains. Advantages of liposomes include the ability to solubilize hydrophobic drugs, the ability to incorporate different hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs at the same time, lessening the exposure of host organs to potentially toxic drugs and allowing modification of the surface by a variety of different chemical groups. This modification of the surface, or of the individual constituents, may be used to achieve two important goals. Firstly, ligands for active targeting can be attached that are recognized by cognate receptors over-expressed on the target cells of tissues. Secondly, modification can be used to impart a stimulus-responsive or "smart" character to the liposomes, whereby the cargo is released on demand only when certain internal stimuli (pH, reducing agents, specific enzymes) or external stimuli (light, magnetic field or ultrasound) are present. Here, we review the field of smart liposomes for drug delivery applications.
脂质体是用于药物递送应用的很有前景的纳米颗粒。在不同类型的自组装纳米颗粒中，脂质体因其无毒性质以及具有双亲水-疏水结构域而脱颖而出。脂质体的优点包括能够溶解疏水性药物、能够同时包封不同的亲水性和脂溶性药物、减少宿主器官对潜在有毒药物的暴露以及允许通过各种不同化学基团对表面进行修饰。这种对表面或单个成分的修饰可用于实现两个重要目标。首先，可以连接用于主动靶向的配体，这些配体可被组织靶细胞上过度表达的同源受体识别。其次，修饰可用于赋予脂质体刺激响应或“智能”特性，从而仅在存在某些内部刺激（pH值、还原剂、特定酶）或外部刺激（光、磁场或超声）时按需释放所载药物。在此，我们综述用于药物递送应用的智能脂质体领域。
