Sogbohossou E O Deedi, Achigan-Dako Enoch G, Maundu Patrick, Solberg Svein, Deguenon Edgar M S, Mumm Rita H, Hale Iago, Van Deynze Allen, Schranz M Eric
1Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, Postbus 647 6700AP, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
2Laboratory of Genetics, Horticulture and Seed Sciences, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, BP 2549 Abomey-Calavi, Benin.
Hortic Res. 2018 Jan 10;5:2. doi: 10.1038/s41438-017-0001-2. eCollection 2018.
Despite an increasing awareness of the potential of "orphan" or unimproved crops to contribute to food security and enhanced livelihoods for farmers, coordinated research agendas to facilitate production and use of orphan crops by local communities are generally lacking. We provide an overview of the current knowledge on leafy vegetables with a focus on , a highly nutritious species used in Africa and Asia, and highlight general and species-specific guidelines for participatory, genomics-assisted breeding of orphan crops. Key steps in genome-enabled orphan leafy vegetables improvement are identified and discussed in the context of breeding, including: (1) germplasm collection and management; (2) product target definition and refinement; (3) characterization of the genetic control of key traits; (4) design of the 'process' for cultivar development; (5) integration of genomic data to optimize that 'process'; (6) multi-environmental participatory testing and end-user evaluation; and (7) crop value chain development. The review discusses each step in detail, with emphasis on improving leaf yield, phytonutrient content, organoleptic quality, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and post-harvest management.
尽管人们越来越意识到“小众”或未改良作物在促进粮食安全和改善农民生计方面的潜力，但普遍缺乏协调一致的研究议程来促进当地社区对小众作物的生产和利用。我们概述了目前关于叶菜类蔬菜的知识，重点介绍了一种在非洲和亚洲都有种植的营养丰富的物种，并强调了参与式、基因组辅助的小众作物育种的一般指南和特定物种指南。在育种的背景下，确定并讨论了利用基因组技术改良小众叶菜类蔬菜的关键步骤，包括：（1）种质收集和管理；（2）产品目标的定义和细化；（3）关键性状的遗传控制特征分析；（4）品种开发“流程”的设计；（5）整合基因组数据以优化该“流程”；（6）多环境参与式测试和最终用户评估；以及（7）作物价值链发展。本综述详细讨论了每个步骤，重点是提高叶片产量、植物营养素含量、感官品质、对生物和非生物胁迫的抗性以及收获后管理。
