Giovanardi Guido, Vitelli Roberto, Maggiora Vergano Carola, Fortunato Alexandro, Chianura Luca, Lingiardi Vittorio, Speranza Anna Maria
Dipartimento di Psicologia Dinamica e Clinica, Facoltà di Medicina e Psicologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2018 Feb 1;9:60. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00060. eCollection 2018.
The current study investigated attachment representations and complex trauma in a sample of gender dysphoric adults. Although it has been proven that the psychological wellbeing of gender diverse persons is largely mediated by family acceptance and support, research on their relationships with parental figures is scarce. A total of 95 adults took part in the study. The attachment distribution was as follows: 27% secure, 27% insecure and 46% disorganized. Regarding early traumas, 56% experienced four or more traumatic forms. Further, gender dysphoric adults showed significantly higher levels of attachment disorganization and polyvictimisation, relative to controls. Comparisons of subgroups, defined by natal gender, showed that women, compared to control males, had more involving and physically and psychologically abusive fathers, and were more often separated from their mothers; men, relative to female controls, had more involving mothers and were more frequently separated from and neglected by their fathers. The research has several implications for treatment, clinical health psychology, family support and education.
本研究调查了性别焦虑症成年样本中的依恋表征和复杂性创伤。尽管已经证明，性别多样化者的心理健康在很大程度上受到家庭接纳和支持的调节，但关于他们与父母形象关系的研究却很少。共有95名成年人参与了这项研究。依恋分布如下：27%为安全型，27%为不安全型，46%为混乱型。关于早期创伤，56%的人经历过四种或更多种创伤形式。此外，与对照组相比，性别焦虑症成年人表现出显著更高水平的依恋混乱和多重受害情况。按出生性别定义的亚组比较显示，与对照男性相比，女性有更多参与其中且身体和心理上虐待孩子的父亲，并且更经常与母亲分离；与女性对照组相比，男性有更多参与其中的母亲，并且更经常与父亲分离且被父亲忽视。该研究对治疗、临床健康心理学、家庭支持和教育有若干启示。
