Xu Shan, Zhang Shen, Geng Haiyan
Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, Whitewater, WI, United States.
Front Psychol. 2018 Feb 7;9:93. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00093. eCollection 2018.
The present study explored how eye contact at different levels of visual awareness influences gaze-induced joint attention. We adopted a spatial-cueing paradigm, in which an averted gaze was used as an uninformative central cue for a joint-attention task. Prior to the onset of the averted-gaze cue, either supraliminal (Experiment 1) or subliminal (Experiment 2) eye contact was presented. The results revealed a larger subsequent gaze-cueing effect following supraliminal eye contact compared to a condition. In contrast, the gaze-cueing effect was smaller in the subliminal condition than in the condition. These findings suggest that the facilitation effect of eye contact on coordinating social attention depends on visual awareness. Furthermore, subliminal eye contact might have an impact on subsequent social attention processes that differ from supraliminal eye contact. This study highlights the need to further investigate the role of eye contact in implicit social cognition.
本研究探讨了不同视觉意识水平下的眼神接触如何影响注视引发的共同注意。我们采用了空间线索范式，其中将转移的目光用作共同注意任务的无信息中心线索。在转移目光线索出现之前，呈现了阈上（实验1）或阈下（实验2）眼神接触。结果显示，与无眼神接触条件相比，阈上眼神接触后随后的注视线索效应更大。相反，阈下眼神接触条件下的注视线索效应比无眼神接触条件下更小。这些发现表明，眼神接触对协调社会注意的促进作用取决于视觉意识。此外，阈下眼神接触可能对随后的社会注意过程产生与阈上眼神接触不同的影响。本研究强调了进一步研究眼神接触在隐性社会认知中的作用的必要性。
