Tomasiak-Łozowska Maria Magdalena, Klimek Maciej, Lis Agnieszka, Moniuszko Marcin, Bodzenta-Łukaszyk Anna
Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland; Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Adv Med Sci. 2018 Sep;63(2):265-277. doi: 10.1016/j.advms.2017.12.003. Epub 2018 Mar 20.
Anaphylaxis is defined as severe, life-threatening, systemic or general, immediate reaction of hypersensitivity, with repeatable symptoms caused by the dose of stimulus which is well tolerated by healthy persons. The proper diagnosis, immediate treatment and differential diagnosis are crucial for saving patient's life. However, anaphylaxis is relatively frequently misdiagnosed or confused with other clinical entities. Thus, there is a continuous need for identifying detectable markers improving the proper diagnosis of anaphylaxis. Here we presented currently known markers of anaphylaxis and discussed in more detail the most clinically valuable ones: tryptase, platelet activacting factor (PAF), PAF-acethylhydrolase, histamine and its metabolites.
过敏反应被定义为严重的、危及生命的全身性或普遍性速发型超敏反应，由健康人能良好耐受的刺激剂量引发可重复性症状。正确诊断、及时治疗及鉴别诊断对于挽救患者生命至关重要。然而，过敏反应相对频繁地被误诊或与其他临床病症相混淆。因此，持续需要识别可检测标志物以改善过敏反应的正确诊断。在此，我们介绍了目前已知的过敏反应标志物，并更详细地讨论了最具临床价值的标志物：类胰蛋白酶、血小板活化因子（PAF）、PAF - 乙酰水解酶、组胺及其代谢产物。
