Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Affiliated Greenland Hospital of BIO-X Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200335, China.
Neurosci Bull. 2018 Jun;34(3):566-572. doi: 10.1007/s12264-018-0214-x. Epub 2018 Mar 5.
The neurocircuitries that constitute the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) circuit provide a framework for bridging gaps between neuroscience and executive function in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but it has been difficult to identify the mechanisms for regulating emotional problems from the understanding of ADHD comorbidity with disruptive behavior disorders (DBD). Research based on "cool" and "hot" executive functional theory and the dual pathway models, which are thought of as applied response inhibition and delay aversion, respectively, within the neuropsychological view of ADHD, has shed light on emotional responding before and after decontextualized stimuli, while CSTC circuit-related domains have been suggested to explain the different emotional symptoms of ADHD with or without comorbid DBD. This review discusses the role of abnormal connections in each CSTC circuit, especially in the emotion circuit, which may be responsible for targeted executive dysfunction at the neuroscience level. Thus, the two major domains - abstract thinking (cool) and emotional trait (hot) - trigger the mechanism of onset of ADHD.
构成皮质纹状体丘脑皮质（CSTC）回路的神经回路为弥合注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）中的神经科学和执行功能之间的差距提供了一个框架，但由于理解 ADHD 共病破坏性行为障碍（DBD），因此很难确定调节情绪问题的机制。基于“冷静”和“热情”执行功能理论的研究以及双路径模型，分别被认为是 ADHD 神经心理学观点中的应用反应抑制和延迟厌恶，为去情境化刺激前后的情绪反应提供了线索，而 CSTC 回路相关领域被认为可以解释 ADHD 伴或不伴共病 DBD 的不同情绪症状。这篇综述讨论了每个 CSTC 回路中异常连接的作用，特别是在情绪回路中，这可能是导致神经科学水平上靶向执行功能障碍的原因。因此，两个主要领域——抽象思维（冷静）和情绪特质（热情）——引发了 ADHD 的发病机制。
