A multifunctional probe based on the use of labeled aptamer and magnetic nanoparticles for fluorometric determination of adenosine 5'-triphosphate.

A multifunctional fluorescent probe is synthesized for the determination of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). The 6-carboxyfluorescein-labeled aptamer (FAM-aptamer) was bound to the surface of magnetite nanoparticles coated with polydopamine (FeO@PDA) by π-π stacking interaction to form the multifunctional probe. The probe has three functions including recognition, magnetic separation, and yielding a fluorescent signal. In the presence of ATP, FAM-aptamer on the surface of the probe binds to ATP and returns to the solution. Thus, the fluorescence of the supernatant is enhanced and can be related to the concentration of ATP. Fluorescence intensities were measured at excitation/emission wavelengths of 494/526 nm. Response is linear in the 0.1-100 μM ATP concentration range, and the detection limit is 89 nM. The probe was applied to the quantitation of ATP in spiked human urine and serum samples, with recoveries ranging between 94.8 and 102%. Graphical abstract A multifunctional fluorescent probe based on the use of FAM-aptamer and FeO@PDA is described for the determination of ATP in spiked human urine and serum samples. FAM-aptamer: 6-carboxyfluorescein-labeled aptamer; FeO@PDA: magnetite nanoparticles coated with polydopamine. ATP: adenosine 5'-triphosphate.