Veterinary Mycology Group, Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain.
Sequentia Biotech SL, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2018 Apr 3;8(1):5439. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23802-8.
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin with nephrotoxic effects on animals and humans. Aspergillus carbonarius is the main responsible for OTA contamination of grapes and derived products. We present the genome resequencing of four A. carbonarius strains, one OTA producer and three atypical and unique non-OTA producing strains. These strains were sequenced using Illumina technology and compared with a reference genome of this species. We performed some specific bioinformatics analyses in genes involved in OTA biosynthesis. Data obtained in this study revealed the high genomic diversity within A. carbonarius strains. Although some gaps of more than 1,000 bp were identified in non-ochratoxigenic strains, no large deletions in functional genes related with OTA production were found. Moreover, the expression of five genes of the putative OTA biosynthetic cluster was down regulated under OTA-inducing conditions in the non-ochratoxigenic strains. Knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms involved in OTA biosynthesis will provide a deeper understanding of these non-ochratoxigenic strains.
赭曲霉毒素 A（OTA）是一种对动物和人类具有肾毒性的真菌毒素。赭曲霉是导致葡萄及衍生产品中 OTA 污染的主要原因。我们对 4 株 A. carbonarius 菌株（1 株 OTA 产生菌和 3 株非典型且独特的非 OTA 产生菌）进行了基因组重测序。这些菌株使用 Illumina 技术进行测序，并与该物种的参考基因组进行了比较。我们对参与 OTA 生物合成的基因进行了一些特定的生物信息学分析。本研究获得的数据显示 A. carbonarius 菌株具有高度的基因组多样性。尽管在非产 OTA 菌株中发现了超过 1000bp 的一些缺口，但未发现与 OTA 生产相关的功能基因的大片段缺失。此外，在非产 OTA 菌株中，在 OTA 诱导条件下，假定的 OTA 生物合成簇的 5 个基因的表达下调。对 OTA 生物合成涉及的调控机制的了解将为这些非产 OTA 菌株提供更深入的认识。
