Chung Alexis Panny Y S, Gurtu Sunil, Chakravarthi Srikumar, Moorthy Mohanambal, Palanisamy Uma D
School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Sunway City, Malaysia.
Department of Pathology, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia.
Front Nutr. 2018 Mar 16;5:17. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00017. eCollection 2018.
Geraniin, a hydrolysable polyphenol derived from L. fruit rind, has been shown to possess significant antioxidant activity and recently been recognized for its therapeutic potential in metabolic syndrome. This study investigated its antioxidative strength and protective effects on organs in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced rodents. Rats were fed HFD for 6 weeks to induce obesity, followed by 10 and 50 mg/kg of geraniin supplementation for 4 weeks to assess its protective potential. The control groups were maintained on standard rat chows and HFD for the same period. At the 10th week, oxidative status was assessed and the pancreas, liver, heart and aorta, kidney, and brain of the Sprague Dawley rats were harvested and subjected to pathological studies. HFD rats demonstrated changes in redox balance; increased protein carbonyl content, decreased levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase with a reduction in the non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms and total antioxidant capacity, indicating a higher oxidative stress (OS) index. In addition, HFD rats demonstrated significant diet-induced changes particularly in the pancreas. Four-week oral geraniin supplementation, restored the OS observed in the HFD rats. It was able to restore OS biomarkers, serum antioxidants, and the glutathione redox balance (reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio) to levels comparable with that of the control group, particularly at dosage of 50 mg geraniin. Geraniin was not toxic to the HFD rats but exhibited protection against glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity particularly in the pancreas of the obese rodents. It is suggested that geraniin has the pharmaceutical potential to be developed as a supplement to primary drugs in the treatment of obesity and its pathophysiological sequels.
香叶木素是一种从罗望子果皮中提取的可水解多酚，已被证明具有显著的抗氧化活性，最近还因其在代谢综合征中的治疗潜力而受到认可。本研究调查了其抗氧化强度以及对高脂饮食（HFD）诱导的啮齿动物器官的保护作用。给大鼠喂食HFD 6周以诱导肥胖，随后分别补充10和50 mg/kg的香叶木素4周，以评估其保护潜力。对照组在同一时期喂食标准大鼠饲料和HFD。在第10周时，评估氧化状态，并采集Sprague Dawley大鼠的胰腺、肝脏、心脏、主动脉、肾脏和大脑进行病理学研究。HFD大鼠表现出氧化还原平衡的变化；蛋白质羰基含量增加，超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶水平降低，非酶抗氧化机制和总抗氧化能力下降，表明氧化应激（OS）指数较高。此外，HFD大鼠表现出明显的饮食诱导变化，尤其是在胰腺。口服香叶木素4周可恢复HFD大鼠中观察到的OS。它能够将OS生物标志物、血清抗氧化剂和谷胱甘肽氧化还原平衡（还原型谷胱甘肽/氧化型谷胱甘肽比率）恢复到与对照组相当的水平，特别是在香叶木素剂量为50 mg时。香叶木素对HFD大鼠无毒，但对糖毒性和脂毒性具有保护作用，尤其是在肥胖啮齿动物的胰腺中。提示香叶木素具有作为肥胖及其病理生理后遗症治疗中一线药物补充剂开发的药学潜力。
