Zhang Xiaoni, Wang Qijian, Yang Shaozong, Lin Shengnan, Bao Manzhu, Bendahmane Mohammed, Wu Quanshu, Wang Caiyun, Fu Xiaopeng
Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in Central China (pilot run), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China.
Genes (Basel). 2018 Apr 4;9(4):193. doi: 10.3390/genes9040193.
is a large genus containing many species with high ornamental economic value. Extensive breeding strategies permitted an exploration of an improvement in the quality of cultivated carnation, particularly in flowers. However, little is known on the molecular mechanisms of flower development in carnation. Here, we report the identification and description of MADS-box genes in carnation () with a focus on those involved in flower development and organ identity determination. In this study, 39 MADS-box genes were identified from the carnation genome and transcriptome by the phylogenetic analysis. These genes were categorized into four subgroups (30 MIKC, two MIKC*, two Mα, and five Mγ). The MADS-box domain, gene structure, and conserved motif compositions of the carnation MADS genes were analysed. Meanwhile, the expression of genes were significantly different in stems, leaves, and flower buds. Further studies were carried out for exploring the expression of genes in individual flower organs, and some crucial genes correlated with their putative function were validated. Finally, a new expression pattern of genes in flower organs of carnation was provided: sepal (three class E genes and two class A genes), petal (two class B genes, two class E genes, and one SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE ()), stamen (two class B genes, two class E genes, and two class C), styles (two class E genes and two class C), and ovary (two class E genes, two class C, one AGAMOUS-LIKE 6 (), one SEEDSTICK (), one , one , and one ). This result proposes a model in floral organ identity of carnation and it may be helpful to further explore the molecular mechanism of flower organ identity in carnation.
是一个包含许多具有高观赏经济价值物种的大属。广泛的育种策略有助于探索提高栽培康乃馨的品质，特别是花朵品质。然而，关于康乃馨花发育的分子机制知之甚少。在此，我们报告了康乃馨中MADS-box基因的鉴定和描述，重点关注参与花发育和器官身份确定的基因。在本研究中，通过系统发育分析从康乃馨基因组和转录组中鉴定出39个MADS-box基因。这些基因被分为四个亚组（30个MIKC、两个MIKC*、两个Mα和五个Mγ）。分析了康乃馨MADS基因的MADS-box结构域、基因结构和保守基序组成。同时，这些基因在茎、叶和花芽中的表达存在显著差异。进一步研究了这些基因在单个花器官中的表达，并验证了一些与其假定功能相关的关键基因。最后，给出了康乃馨花器官中这些基因的新表达模式：萼片（三个E类基因和两个A类基因）、花瓣（两个B类基因、两个E类基因和一个SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE（））、雄蕊（两个B类基因、两个E类基因和两个C类基因）、花柱（两个E类基因和两个C类基因）以及子房（两个E类基因、两个C类基因、一个AGAMOUS-LIKE 6（）、一个SEEDSTICK（）、一个、一个和一个）。这一结果提出了一个康乃馨花器官身份的模型，可能有助于进一步探索康乃馨花器官身份的分子机制。
