Nelson Heidi D, Lui Lily, Ensrud Kris, Cummings Stephen R, Cauley Jane A, Hillier Teresa A
Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Gerontol Geriatr Med. 2018 Mar 22;4:2333721418766127. doi: 10.1177/2333721418766127. eCollection 2018 Jan-Dec.
The objective of this study is to determine whether the health effects of smoking and moderate alcohol use persist with aging. Smoking status, alcohol use, and measures of function and health were obtained from 9,704 women aged ≥65 years at baseline and over 10- and 20-year follow-up periods. Adjusted multiple linear and logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models estimated associations. Current versus never smokers had worse walking speed, self-reported health, difficulty with instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and depression at 10 years and higher death rates at 10 and 20 years. Moderate versus never drinkers had better grip strength, walking speed, self-reported health, and less difficulty with IADLs and were less likely to live in nursing homes at 10 years and die at 10 and 20 years. Among aging women over 20 years, smoking is associated with worse physical function, including death, while moderate alcohol use is associated with better outcomes.
本研究的目的是确定吸烟和适度饮酒对健康的影响是否会随着年龄增长而持续存在。在基线时以及10年和20年的随访期内，从9704名年龄≥65岁的女性中获取了吸烟状况、饮酒情况以及功能和健康指标。采用调整后的多元线性和逻辑回归以及Cox比例风险模型来估计关联。与从不吸烟者相比，当前吸烟者在10年时步行速度更慢、自我报告的健康状况更差、在日常生活工具性活动（IADL）方面有困难以及存在抑郁情绪，并且在10年和20年时死亡率更高。与从不饮酒者相比，适度饮酒者握力更强、步行速度更快、自我报告的健康状况更好、在IADL方面困难更少，并且在10年时入住养老院的可能性更小，在10年和20年时死亡的可能性更小。在20年以上的老年女性中，吸烟与包括死亡在内的更差身体功能相关，而适度饮酒则与更好的结果相关。
