婴儿脑图谱。
Baby brain atlases.
机构信息
Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Departments of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
出版信息
Neuroimage. 2019 Jan 15;185:865-880. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.04.003. Epub 2018 Apr 3.
The baby brain is constantly changing due to its active neurodevelopment, and research into the baby brain is one of the frontiers in neuroscience. To help guide neuroscientists and clinicians in their investigation of this frontier, maps of the baby brain, which contain a priori knowledge about neurodevelopment and anatomy, are essential. "Brain atlas" in this review refers to a 3D-brain image with a set of reference labels, such as a parcellation map, as the anatomical reference that guides the mapping of the brain. Recent advancements in scanners, sequences, and motion control methodologies enable the creation of various types of high-resolution baby brain atlases. What is becoming clear is that one atlas is not sufficient to characterize the existing knowledge about the anatomical variations, disease-related anatomical alterations, and the variations in time-dependent changes. In this review, the types and roles of the human baby brain MRI atlases that are currently available are described and discussed, and future directions in the field of developmental neuroscience and its clinical applications are proposed. The potential use of disease-based atlases to characterize clinically relevant information, such as clinical labels, in addition to conventional anatomical labels, is also discussed.
由于婴儿大脑的神经发育活跃，其大脑在不断变化，因此对婴儿大脑的研究是神经科学的前沿领域之一。为了帮助神经科学家和临床医生在这一前沿领域进行研究，包含神经发育和解剖学先验知识的婴儿大脑图谱是必不可少的。在本综述中，“脑图谱”是指具有一组参考标签（如分割图）的 3D 脑图像，作为指导大脑映射的解剖参考。扫描仪、序列和运动控制方法的最新进展使得能够创建各种类型的高分辨率婴儿脑图谱。越来越明显的是，一个图谱不足以描述现有的关于解剖变异、与疾病相关的解剖改变以及随时间变化的变异的知识。在本综述中，描述并讨论了目前可用的人类婴儿脑 MRI 图谱的类型和作用，并提出了发育神经科学及其临床应用领域的未来方向。还讨论了基于疾病的图谱除了常规解剖标签外，用于描述临床相关信息（如临床标签）的潜在用途。
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