Institution of Geriatric Qinghai Provincial Hospital, Xining, China.
Department of Aging Science and Pharmacology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2018;63(2):551-560. doi: 10.3233/JAD-170630.
Systemic inflammation is known as a risk factor of cognitive decline.
To investigate the effects of propolis on cognitive decline and systemic inflammation in elderly people living at high altitude.
Sixty participants (average 72.8 years) living at altitude (2,260 meters) were randomized to receive propolis (0.83 g, n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 24 months. Cognitive outcomes were assessed using MMSE and serum cytokine levels were measured for 24 months in a double-blind study.
MMSE scores were 26.17 at baseline and 23.87 at 24 months in placebo group. Compared to placebo group, improvements of MMSE scores were significant in propolis-treated subjects (p = 0.007) with a response emerging over time (time points×group interaction, p = 0.016). In addition, the serum IL-1β and IL-6 levels were significantly different across treatments (p < 0.0001) showing upward and downward trends in placebo- and propolis-treated subjects, respectively (p < 0.0001). Serum levels of TNF-α were not significantly different across treatment (p = 0.0528) but with a response emerging over time (time points×group interaction, p = 0.016). In contrast, serum levels of TGFβ1 were significantly different across treatments (p < 0.0001) showing downward and upward trends in placebo- and propolis-treated subjects, respectively. Serum levels of IL-10 were significant for the effect of groups (p = 0.0411). Furthermore, MMSE scores correlated with the decrease in IL-1β and the increase in TGFβ1 in serum.
Elderly people living at high altitude developed to MCI in 24 months with exacerbation of systemic inflammation. Ingestion of propolis (>12 months) protected against cognitive decline after systemic inflammation was reduced.
全身性炎症被认为是认知能力下降的一个危险因素。
研究蜂胶对生活在高海拔地区的老年人认知能力下降和全身性炎症的影响。
60 名参与者（平均年龄 72.8 岁）生活在海拔（2260 米）地区，随机分为接受蜂胶（0.83g，n=30）或安慰剂（n=30）治疗 24 个月。采用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）评估认知结果，在双盲研究中测量 24 个月的血清细胞因子水平。
安慰剂组 MMSE 评分在基线时为 26.17，在 24 个月时为 23.87。与安慰剂组相比，蜂胶治疗组的 MMSE 评分改善有显著差异（p=0.007），且随着时间的推移出现应答趋势（时间点×组间交互作用，p=0.016）。此外，血清 IL-1β 和 IL-6 水平在不同治疗组之间存在显著差异（p<0.0001），分别呈现安慰剂和蜂胶治疗组的上升和下降趋势（p<0.0001）。血清 TNF-α 水平在不同治疗组之间无显著差异（p=0.0528），但随着时间的推移出现应答趋势（时间点×组间交互作用，p=0.016）。相反，血清 TGFβ1 水平在不同治疗组之间存在显著差异（p<0.0001），分别呈现安慰剂和蜂胶治疗组的下降和上升趋势。血清 IL-10 水平对组间效应有显著影响（p=0.0411）。此外，MMSE 评分与血清中 IL-1β 的减少和 TGFβ1 的增加呈相关关系。
生活在高海拔地区的老年人在 24 个月内发展为 MCI，全身性炎症加重。在全身性炎症减轻后，摄入蜂胶（>12 个月）可预防认知能力下降。
