Hong Kevin, Nezgovorova Vera, Hollander Eric
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Autism and Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Program, Anxiety and Depression Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montiefiore Medical Center, The Bronx, New York, USA.
F1000Res. 2018 Mar 23;7:361. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.13700.1. eCollection 2018.
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a disabling illness with a high worldwide prevalence. Patients demonstrate a debilitating preoccupation with one or more perceived defects, often marked by poor insight or delusional convictions. Multiple studies have suggested that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and various cognitive behavioral therapy modalities are effective first-line treatments in decreasing BDD severity, relieving depressive symptoms, restoring insight, and increasing quality of life. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have also recently been shown to be effective for relapse prevention. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current understanding of BDD, including its clinical features, epidemiology, genetics, and current treatment modalities. Additional research is needed to fully elucidate the relationship between BDD and comorbid illnesses such as obsessive-compulsive-related disorders and depression and to develop therapies for refractory patients and those who have contraindications for pharmacological intervention.
躯体变形障碍（BDD）是一种全球性患病率较高的致残性疾病。患者会对一个或多个自认为的缺陷产生严重困扰，常表现为自知力差或存在妄想信念。多项研究表明，选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂和各种认知行为疗法是降低BDD严重程度、缓解抑郁症状、恢复自知力以及提高生活质量的有效一线治疗方法。最近还显示，选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂对预防复发有效。本综述全面总结了目前对BDD的认识，包括其临床特征、流行病学、遗传学和当前的治疗方式。需要进一步研究以充分阐明BDD与强迫症相关障碍和抑郁症等共病之间的关系，并为难治性患者和有药物干预禁忌证的患者开发治疗方法。
