Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Post-graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2018 Apr 11;13(4):e0192196. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192196. eCollection 2018.
Early life stunting may have long-term effects on body composition, resulting in obesity-related comorbidities. We tested the hypothesis that individuals stunted in early childhood may be at higher cardiometabolic risk later in adulthood. 1753 men and 1781 women participating in the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort study had measurements of anthropometry, body composition, lipids, glucose, blood pressure, and other cardiometabolic traits at age 30 years. Early stunting was defined as height-for-age Z-score at age 2 years below -2 against the World Health Organization growth standards. Linear regression models were performed controlling for sex, maternal race/ethnicity, family income at birth, and birthweight. Analyses were stratified by sex when p-interaction<0.05. Stunted individuals were shorter (β = -0.71 s.d.; 95% CI: -0.78 to -0.64), had lower BMI (β = -0.14 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.25 to -0.03), fat mass (β = -0.28 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.38 to -0.17), SAFT (β = -0.16 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.26 to -0.06), systolic (β = -0.12 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.21 to -0.02) and diastolic blood pressure (β = -0.11 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.22 to -0.01), and higher VFT/SAFT ratio (β = 0.15 s.d.; 95%CI: 0.06 to 0.24), in comparison with non-stunted individuals. In addition, early stunting was associated with lower fat free mass in both men (β = -0.39 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.47 to -0.31) and women (β = -0.37 s.d.; 95%CI: -0.46 to -0.29) after adjustment for potential confounders. Our results suggest that early stunting has implications on attained height, body composition and blood pressure. The apparent tendency of stunted individuals to accumulate less fat-free mass and subcutaneous fat might predispose them towards increased metabolic risks in later life.
早年生长迟缓可能对身体成分产生长期影响，导致与肥胖相关的合并症。我们检验了以下假设，即早年生长迟缓的个体在成年后可能面临更高的心血管代谢风险。1753 名男性和 1781 名女性参与了 1982 年巴西佩洛塔斯（Pelotas）出生队列研究，他们在 30 岁时接受了人体测量学、身体成分、血脂、血糖、血压和其他心血管代谢特征的测量。早期生长迟缓定义为在 2 岁时身高年龄 Z 分数低于世界卫生组织生长标准 -2。线性回归模型在控制性别、母亲种族/民族、出生时家庭收入和出生体重后进行。当 p 交互作用<0.05 时，按性别分层分析。生长迟缓者身高更矮（β=-0.71 标准差；95%CI：-0.78 至 -0.64），体重指数（β=-0.14 标准差；95%CI：-0.25 至 -0.03）、体脂（β=-0.28 标准差；95%CI：-0.38 至 -0.17）、SAFT（β=-0.16 标准差；95%CI：-0.26 至 -0.06）、收缩压（β=-0.12 标准差；95%CI：-0.21 至 -0.02）和舒张压（β=-0.11 标准差；95%CI：-0.22 至 -0.01）均较低，而 VFT/SAFT 比值（β=0.15 标准差；95%CI：0.06 至 0.24）较高。此外，在调整潜在混杂因素后，男性（β=-0.39 标准差；95%CI：-0.47 至 -0.31）和女性（β=-0.37 标准差；95%CI：-0.46 至 -0.29）中，早期生长迟缓与较低的无脂肪质量相关。我们的结果表明，早期生长迟缓对身高、身体成分和血压有影响。生长迟缓者积累较少的去脂体重和皮下脂肪的明显趋势可能使他们在以后的生活中更容易出现代谢风险增加。
