Eternal Love Winning Africa Hospital, Paynesville, Liberia.
US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease, Frederick, Maryland.
J Infect Dis. 2018 Jul 13;218(4):555-562. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiy199.
Ebola virus (EBOV) neutralizing antibody in plasma may reduce viral load following administration of plasma to patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD), but measurement of these antibodies is complex.
Anti-EBOV antibody was measured by 2 neutralization and 2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) in convalescent plasma (ECP) from 100 EVD survivor donors in Liberia. Viral load was assessed repetitively in patients with EVD participating in a clinical trial of enhanced standard of care plus ECP.
All 4 anti-EBOV assays were highly concordant for detection of EBOV antibody. Antibodies were not detected in plasma specimens obtained from 15 of 100 donors, including 7 with documented EBOV-positive reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction during EVD. Viral load was reduced following each dose in the 2 clinical trial participants who received ECP with higher antibody levels but not in the 2 who received ECP with lower antibody levels.
Recovery from EVD can occur with absence of detectable anti-EBOV antibody several months after disease onset. ELISAs may be useful to select ECP donors or identify ECP units that contain neutralizing antibody. ECP with higher anti-EBOV antibody levels may have greater effect on EBOV load-an observation that requires further investigation.
NCT02333578.
在向埃博拉病毒病（EVD）患者输注血浆后，血浆中的埃博拉病毒（EBOV）中和抗体可能会降低病毒载量，但这些抗体的检测较为复杂。
在利比里亚，用 2 种中和试验和 2 种酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）对 100 名 EVD 幸存者供者的恢复期血浆（ECP）中的抗 EBOV 抗体进行了检测。在一项接受强化标准治疗加 ECP 的临床试验中，对 EVD 患者进行了重复的病毒载量评估。
所有 4 种抗 EBOV 检测方法在检测 EBOV 抗体方面均高度一致。在 100 名供者中的 15 名的血浆标本中未检测到抗体，其中 7 名在 EVD 期间有记录的 EBOV 阳性逆转录聚合酶链反应。在接受 ECP 治疗的 2 名临床试验参与者中，病毒载量在每次输注 ECP 后均降低，而在接受 ECP 治疗的 2 名抗体水平较低的参与者中则没有降低。
在疾病发病后数月，即使未检测到可检测的抗 EBOV 抗体，EVD 也可能康复。ELISA 可能有助于选择 ECP 供者或识别含有中和抗体的 ECP 单位。具有更高抗 EBOV 抗体水平的 ECP 可能对 EBOV 载量有更大的影响，这一观察结果需要进一步研究。
NCT02333578。
