Sharma Rakesh K, Agarwal Ashok
Center for Advanced Research in Human Reproduction, Infertility, and Sexual Function, Glickman Urological Institute and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Reprod Med Biol. 2004 Dec 3;3(4):177-199. doi: 10.1111/j.1447-0578.2004.00068.x. eCollection 2004 Dec.
Free radicals derived from molecular oxygen and nitrogen are highly reactive metabolites called reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cells continuously produce free radicals and ROS as part of the metabolic process. They are involved in the various functions of the reproductive system. Antioxidants are enzymes or compounds that scavenge and reduce the presence of free radicals. Normally, a balance exists between concentrations of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant scavenging systems. The disruption of the delicate balance between pro- and antioxidants results in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress has been implicated in embryo fragmentation, DNA damage, apoptosis and poor pregnancy outcome. It has also been implicated in a large number of gynecologic diseases, such as endometriosis, pre-eclampsia and maternal diabetes. The use of antioxidants may be beneficial in combating the harmful effects of oxidative stress in many of these diseases. The present review outlines the importance of these species in the pathology of various gynecologic diseases. (Reprod Med Biol 2004; : 177 - 199).
源自分子氧和氮的自由基是一类高反应性代谢产物，称为活性氧（ROS）。细胞在代谢过程中会持续产生自由基和活性氧。它们参与生殖系统的各种功能。抗氧化剂是清除和减少自由基存在的酶或化合物。正常情况下，活性氧浓度与抗氧化清除系统之间存在平衡。促氧化剂和抗氧化剂之间这种微妙平衡的破坏会导致氧化应激。氧化应激与胚胎碎片化、DNA损伤、细胞凋亡以及不良妊娠结局有关。它还与大量妇科疾病有关，如子宫内膜异位症、先兆子痫和妊娠糖尿病。在许多这类疾病中，使用抗氧化剂可能有助于对抗氧化应激的有害影响。本综述概述了这些物质在各种妇科疾病病理学中的重要性。（《生殖医学与生物学》2004年；：177 - 199）
