Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Biological Sciences, Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2018 Sep 1;169:168-175. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.05.016. Epub 2018 May 8.
Kaolin is an effective and safe hemostatic agent for hemostasis. However, its ontic powder is difficult to use in actual practice. To develop a wieldy and powerful hemostat, composite strategy is usually a good choice. Herein, we developed a graphene-kaolin composite sponge (GKCS), synthesized with graphene oxide sheets, linker molecules and kaolin powders through a facile hydrothermal reaction. SEM observations support that GKCS has a porous structure, and EDS mapping further confirms that kaolin powders are embedded in graphene sheets. Once GKCS is exposed to bleeding, plasma is quickly absorbed inside the sponge, meanwhile blood cells are gathered at the interface. The gathered blood cells are in favor of accelerating clotting due to multi stimulations, including concentration, surface charge and activation of hemostatic factors, originating from both kaolin powders and graphene sponge. As a result, GKCS could stop bleeding in approximately 73 s in rabbit artery injury test. Besides, cytotoxicity and hemolysis assessments highlight that GKCS has a good biocompatibility. These remarkable properties suggest that GKCS is a potential riskless hemostatic agent for trauma treatment.
高岭土是一种有效且安全的止血剂。然而，其本体粉末在实际应用中难以使用。为了开发一种易于操作且强大的止血剂，复合策略通常是一个不错的选择。在这里，我们通过简便的水热反应，合成了一种氧化石墨烯片、连接分子和高岭土粉末的石墨烯-高岭土复合海绵（GKCS）。SEM 观察支持 GKCS 具有多孔结构，并且 EDS 映射进一步证实了高岭土粉末嵌入在石墨烯片之间。一旦 GKCS 暴露于出血部位，等离子体就会迅速被海绵吸收，同时血细胞聚集在界面处。由于高岭土粉末和石墨烯海绵都能引发多种刺激，包括浓度、表面电荷和止血因子的激活，聚集的血细胞有利于加速凝血。因此，在兔动脉损伤试验中，GKCS 大约在 73 秒内就能止血。此外，细胞毒性和溶血评估突出显示 GKCS 具有良好的生物相容性。这些显著的特性表明，GKCS 是一种用于创伤治疗的潜在无风险止血剂。
