McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
J Physiol. 2018 Aug;596(16):3695-3707. doi: 10.1113/JP275936. Epub 2018 Jun 9.
There are two electrophysiological dichotomous populations of parvalbumin (PV) interneurons located in the dorsal striatum. Striatal PV interneurons in medial and lateral regions differ significantly in their intrinsic excitability. Parvalbumin interneurons in the dorsomedial striatum, but not in the dorsolateral striatum, receive afferent glutamatergic input from cingulate cortex.
Dorsomedial striatum circuitry is involved in goal-directed actions or movements that become habits upon repetition, as encoded by the dorsolateral striatum. An inability to shift from habits can compromise action-control and prevent behavioural adaptation. Although these regions appear to be clearly behaviourally distinct, little is known about their distinct physiology. Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons are a major source of striatal inhibition and are usually considered as a homogeneous population in the entire dorsal striatum. In the present study, we recorded PV interneurons in dorsal striatum slices from wild-type male mice and suggest the existence of two electrophysiological dichotomous populations. We found that PV interneurons located at the dorsomedial striatum region have increased intrinsic excitability compared to PV interneurons in dorsolateral region. We also found that PV interneurons in the dorsomedial region, but not in the dorsolateral striatum region, receive short-latency excitatory inputs from cingulate cortex. Therefore, the results of the present study demonstrate the importance of considering region specific parvalbumin interneuron populations when studying dorsal striatal function.
背侧纹状体中有两种电生理学二分法的巴甫洛小体（PV）中间神经元群体。位于内侧和外侧区域的纹状体 PV 中间神经元在固有兴奋性方面有显著差异。背侧纹状体的背侧中间神经元，但不是背外侧纹状体，从扣带皮层接收谷氨酸能传入。
背侧纹状体回路参与目标导向的动作或运动，这些动作或运动在重复时会变成习惯，而背外侧纹状体则对其进行编码。无法从习惯中转移出来会损害动作控制并阻止行为适应。尽管这些区域在行为上似乎明显不同，但对它们的不同生理学知之甚少。巴甫洛小体（PV）中间神经元是纹状体抑制的主要来源，通常被认为是整个背侧纹状体中的一个同质群体。在本研究中，我们从野生型雄性小鼠的背侧纹状体切片中记录了 PV 中间神经元，并提出了存在两种电生理学二分法的观点。我们发现，与背外侧区域的 PV 中间神经元相比，位于背侧纹状体背侧中间区域的 PV 中间神经元具有更高的固有兴奋性。我们还发现，只有背侧纹状体背侧中间区域的 PV 中间神经元，而不是背外侧纹状体区域的 PV 中间神经元，从扣带皮层接收短潜伏期的兴奋性输入。因此，本研究的结果表明，在研究背侧纹状体功能时，考虑特定区域的巴甫洛小体中间神经元群体的重要性。
